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Cochrane Nutrition Reviews

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Acetyl-L-carnitine for patients with hepatic encephalopathy

Acetyl-L-carnitine for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy

Adding arginine to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

Adding iodine to foods, other than salt, to prevent diseases caused by inadequate iodine intake

Adding the amino acid tyrosine to the diet of people with phenylketonuria

Advice on diet for malnutrition as a result of disease in adults

Advising patients to increase fluid intake for treating acute respiratory infections

Alcohol has a biphasic effect on blood pressure and increases heart rate

Alcohol intake reduction for controlling hypertension

Alpha-lipoic acid for hypertension in adults

Altered dietary salt for preventing pre-eclampsia, and its complications

Altered dietary salt intake for adults with chronic kidney disease

Altering the availability or proximity of food, alcohol, and tobacco products to change their selection and consumption

Animal-source foods for growth and development in children 6 to 59 months of age

Antacids and lifestyle advice for reflux oesophagitis and Endoscopy Negative Reflux Disease

Antenatal breastfeeding education for increasing breastfeeding duration

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation on energy and protein intake in pregnancy to improve infant outcomes

Antioxidant supplementation for sickle cell disease

Antioxidant supplements cannot be recommended for gastrointestinal cancer prevention

Antioxidant supplements for liver disease

Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements to prevent the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements to slow down the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

Antioxidant vitamins for preventing and slowing the progression of age-related cataract

Antioxidants as add-on treatment for people with schizophrenia

Antioxidants for acute pancreatitis

Antioxidants for male subfertility

Antioxidants for preventing and reducing muscle soreness after exercise

Antioxidants for preventing pre-eclampsia

Antioxidants for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Antioxidants to prevent respiratory decline in people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and progressive respiratory decline

Antioxidants to reduce pain in chronic pancreatitis

Approaches for helping children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis to take part in decisions about their healthcare

Are changes to diet effective to manage mineral and bone abnormalities in people with chronic kidney disease?

Are non-absorbable disaccharides associated with beneficial or harmful effects in people with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy?

Artificial tube feeding methods for use with patients with head and neck cancer who are receiving treatment with radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both

Updated

Avoidance of bottles during the establishment of breastfeeds in preterm infants

Banked preterm versus banked term human milk to promote growth and development in very low birth weight infants

Behaviour changes for dietary and physical exercise modification in overweight and obese adults

Behavioural interventions for reducing weight gain in schizophrenia

Body position and intake of fluids for preventing headache after a lumbar puncture

Branched-chain amino acid supplementation for improving nutrition in term and preterm neonates

Branched-chain amino acids improve symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy

Breast examination during pregnancy for promoting breastfeeding

Breast milk expression during pregnancy by women with diabetes for improving infant outcomes

Breastfeeding education and support for women with multiple pregnancies

Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates

Breastfeeding the newborn or nipple stimulation for reducing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour

Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children

Buffered versus non-buffered fluids given to adults during surgery

Caffeine as an analgesic adjuvant for acute pain in adults

Caffeine for preventing injuries and errors in shift workers

Calcium and vitamin D for treating osteoporosis caused by the use of steroids

Calcium for improving bone mineral density in children

Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for preventing blood pressure disorders and related problems

Calcium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults

Calcium supplementation for weight reduction in overweight or obese people

Calcium, vitamin D or recombinant parathyroid hormone for managing post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism

Calorie-controlled diets for chronic asthma

Can programmes on social media help people to improve their health?

Can strategies intended to improve how care is organised or delivered to people with overweight or obesity lead to greater weight reduction?

Can xylitol used in products like sweets, candy, chewing gum and toothpaste help prevent tooth decay in children and adults?

Carbohydrate supplementation of human milk to promote growth in preterm infants

Care prior to the next pregnancy for women diagnosed with gestational diabetes

Carnitine for fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS)

Carnitine supplementation for preterm infants with recurrent apnoea

Carnitine supplementation of parenterally fed neonates

Carnitine supplements for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis

Carnitine supplements for treating people with inborn errors of metabolism

Children with dehydration due to gastroenteritis need to be rehydrated, and this review did not show any important differences between giving fluids orally or intravenously

Chinese herbal medicine alone or combined with vitamins for gastric precancerous lesions

Chitosan for overweight or obesity

Chondroitin for osteoarthritis

Chromium picolinate supplementation for overweight or obese people

Cinnamon for diabetes mellitus

Co-enzyme Q10 supplementation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease

Coenzyme Q10 for heart failure

Coenzyme Q10 for High Blood Pressure

Combined calcium, magnesium and potassium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults

Combined diet and exercise in pregnancy for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus

Combined large neutral amino acid supplementation for phenylketonuria (PKU)

Community level interventions to improve food security in developed countries

Comparision of two techniques for the placement of a feeding tube to the stomach through the skin in an individual who has difficulty swallowing food

Comparison of different protein concentrations of human milk fortifier for promoting growth and neurological development in preterm infants

Complementary and alternative therapies for shortening labour

Concurrent health promotion interventions for preventing cardiovascular disease in low- and middle income countries ("resource-limited settings")

Continuous nasogastric milk feeding versus intermittent bolus milk feeding for preterm infants less than 1500 grams

Continuous versus intermittent bolus feeding for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

Controlling blood glucose in treating diabetic foot ulcers (sores)

Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections

Creatine for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease

Creatine for Parkinson's disease

Creatine for treating muscle disorders

Creatine for women in pregnancy for neuroprotection of the fetus

Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed

Curcuma longa (turmeric) or its active ingredients for osteoarthritis

Customised versus population-based growth charts as a screening tool for detecting small for gestational age infants in low-risk pregnant women

Cutting back on sugar-sweetened beverages: What works?

Cutting down or changing the fat we eat may reduce our risk of heart disease

Cysteine, cystine or N-acetylcysteine supplementation in parenterally fed neonates

D-mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections

Daily intake of 1 gr dietary calcium may have moderate protective effect on development of colorectal adenomatous polyps

Daily iron supplementation for prevention or treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in infants, children, and adolescents

Delivery of nutrition (food) to critically ill adults other than by the person eating and swallowing the food/nutrition

Diet and exercise interventions for preventing excessive weight gain during pregnancy

Diet changes for infant colic

Diet or exercise, or both, for weight reduction in women carrying excess weight after childbirth

Diet, physical activity and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obese adolescents aged 12 to 17 years

Diet, physical activity and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obese children from the age of 6 to 11 years

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk

Diet, physical activity, and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obesity in preschool children up to the age of 6 years

Dietary advice by dietitians to lower blood cholesterol can be more effective than advice by doctors, but may not be more effective than self-help resources.

Dietary advice during pregnancy to prevent gestational diabetes

Dietary advice for people with schizophrenia

Dietary advice for reducing cardiovascular risk

Dietary advice for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases

Dietary changes in the treatment of Ménière's disease or syndrome

Dietary exclusions for improving established atopic eczema in adults and children

Dietary fibre to prevent cardiovascular disease

Dietary flavonoid for preventing colorectal neoplasms

Dietary intake in people living beyond cancer

Dietary interventions for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in late life

Dietary interventions for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid life

Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis-related outcomes

Dietary interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria

Dietary interventions for prevention of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment

Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain in children

Dietary marine fatty acids (fish oil) for asthma in adults and children

Dietary modifications for managing familial hypercholesterolaemia

Dietary patterns for adults with chronic kidney disease

Dietary supplementation for preventing and treating pressure ulcers

Dietary supplements for chronic gout

Dietary supplements for established atopic eczema in adults and children

Dietary supplements for pain during menstruation

Dietary supplements for preventing postnatal depression

Dietary supplements for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes

Diets for inducing and maintaining remission in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Diets for primary prevention of gallbladder stones in adults

Different fluid therapy strategies for sepsis and septic shock

Different strains of probiotics for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants: a network meta-analysis

Different types of dietary advice for women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Dilute versus full-strength formula in exclusively formula-fed preterm or low birth weight infants

Do burns patients who receive early (within 24 hours) nutritional support have better outcomes than those whose nutritional support is delayed (after 24 hours)?

Do diet and physical activity strategies help prevent obesity in children (aged 0 to 18 years)?

Do nutritional interventions reduce gastrointestinal toxicity in adults undergoing radical pelvic radiotherapy?

Do pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies reduce weight in obese women with subfertility?

Do probiotics help to treat acute infectious diarrhoea?

Do weight loss programs have beneficial effects on asthma outcomes in people with asthma?

Do weight-loss diets affect blood pressure, and reduce the effects of high blood pressure (hypertension)?

Does a tax on the fat content of foods reduce obesity and help people to eat less fat and less saturated fat?

Does adding iron to wheat flour reduce anaemia and increase iron levels in the general population?

Does altering dietary salt intake aid in the prevention and treatment of diabetic kidney disease?

Does breastfeeding reduce vaccination pain in babies aged 1 to 12 months?

Does chewing gum after a caesarean section lead to quicker recovery of bowel function?

Does dietary fibre prevent the recurrence of colorectal adenomas and carcinomas?

Does giving patients carbohydrate supplements before planned surgery lead to improved recovery?

Does limiting the times you eat (intermittent fasting) prevent cardiovascular disease?

Does preconception lifestyle advice help people with infertility to have a baby?

Does reducing the amount of salt in a diet improve asthma symptoms?

Does repair of torn rotator cuff tendons work?

Does supplementation of human milk with calcium and phosphorus improve growth and development in preterm infants?

Does taking a supplement of myo-inositol work as an effective treatment for women who develop diabetes during pregnancy?

Does taxation of unprocessed sugar or foods with added sugar reduce their consumption and prevent obesity or other adverse health outcomes?

Does the prescription of low-calorie (hypocaloric) nutrition support improve the recovery of critically-ill adult patients?

Does the timing and route of nutritional support have an effect on survival and disability in head-injured patients?

Doubtful effect of lecithin as a treatment for dementia

Drug and nutritional treatment for McArdle disease

Drug-based and non-drug-based interventions to improve the bone mineral density in patients living with HIV

Earlier compared to later addition of human milk fortifier to human milk to promote growth in preterm infants

Early additional food and fluids for healthy breastfed full-term infants

Early compared with delayed oral fluids and food after caesarean section

Early discharge with home support of gavage feeding for stable preterm infants who have not established full oral feeds

Early full enteral feeds for preterm or low birth weight infants

Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice

Early introduction of lipids to parenterally-fed preterm infants

Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants

Early trophic feeding versus enteral fasting for very preterm or very low birth weight infants

Early versus delayed feeding for reducing complications after gynaecologic surgery

Early versus delayed feeding through a tube for critically ill adults in intensive care, with or without extra nutrition into a vein

Early versus late administration of amino acids in preterm infants receiving parenteral nutrition

Early versus late intravenous nutrition in critically ill term and late preterm babies

Eating and drinking in labour

Eating nuts to prevent cardiovascular disease

Education for the management of cancer-related fatigue

Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in infants born preterm

Educational interventions for improving complementary feeding practices

Effect of cocoa on blood pressure

Effect of cutting down on the saturated fat we eat on our risk of heart disease

Effect of cutting down the amount of fat on bodyweight in children

Effect of cutting down the fat we eat on body weight

Effect of lipid-based nutrient supplementation on infants and young children

Effect of restricted pacifier use on duration of breastfeeding in full-term infants

Effect of taking extra calcium (other than preventing or treating high blood pressure) during pregnancy for improving maternal and infant health

Effect of taurine supplementation on growth and development in preterm or low birth weight infants

Effect of the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus on the development of cognitive impairment and dementia

Effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions in primary care populations

Effectiveness of creatine analogues in cardiac disease

Effects and safety of preventive oral iron or iron + folic acid supplementation for women during pregnancy

Effects of a gluten-reduced or gluten-free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease

Effects of involving parents and other adult caregivers in children's diet and physical activity interventions

Effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) for women during pregnancy

Effects of nutritional interventions to increase nutritional status in children living in urban slums in low- and middle-income countries

Effects of oral stimulation for oral feeding in preterm infants

Effects of perioperative alcohol cessation interventions on postoperative complications following surgery

Effects of restricted caffeine intake by mother on fetal, neonatal and pregnancy outcomes

Effects of vitamin D on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under 5 years of age

Energy (calorie) labelling for healthier selection and consumption of food or alcohol

Enhanced glucose control for preventing and treating diabetic neuropathy

Enhanced recovery protocols in people undergoing major surgeries of food pipe (oesophagus), stomach, liver and pancreas

Enteral feeding (tube feeding) in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as motor neuron disease

Enteral iron supplementation in preterm and low birth weight infants

Enteral lactoferrin for the treatment of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates

Enteral lactoferrin supplementation for prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

Enteral nutrition (liquid feeds) for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease

Enteral nutritional therapy for treatment of active Crohn's disease

Enteral tube feeding for people with severe dementia

Enteral zinc supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm neonates

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia

Essential phospholipids for people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Experiences of conditional and unconditional cash transfers intended for improving health outcomes and health service use: a qualitative evidence synthesis

Exposure to the smell and taste of milk to accelerate feeding in preterm infants

Extra calcium in tablets before pregnancy, or in early pregnancy, for preventing high blood pressure complications of pregnancy

Extra calcium to prevent high blood pressure

Extra fluids for breastfeeding mothers for increasing milk production

Factors that influence the provision of postnatal care by health workers: a qualitative evidence synthesis

Factors that influence women’s engagement with breastfeeding support: a qualitative evidence synthesis

Falls interventions in multiple sclerosis

Fasting for haemostasis in children with gastrointestinal bleeding

Fat supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants

Feed thickener for infants up to six months of age with gastro-oesophageal reflux

Feeding by tube into the stomach or intestine versus feeding by mouth for children with cerebral palsy

Feeding interventions for growth and development in infants with cleft lip, cleft palate or cleft lip and palate

Feeding support in hospitalised adults at risk of undernourishment

Fermented milk for hypertension

Fiber and bulking agents for the treatment of chronic constipation

Financial incentives for decreasing and preventing obesity in workers

Fish oil (n-3 or omega-3) for pregnant mothers or breastfeeding mothers to prevent allergies in their young children

Fish oil for kidney transplant recipients

Fish oil for preventing blockage of haemodialysis vascular access in patients with kidney failure

Fish oil for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis

Fish oil-based lipid emulsions versus standard lipid emulsions for prevention of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in children

Fish oil-based lipid emulsions versus standard lipid emulsions for treatment of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in children

Fish oils for the prevention of dementia in older people

Flavonoids for treating venous leg ulcers

Fluid restriction as a treatment for preterm infants developing chronic lung disease

Fluid therapy protocols in people with acute pancreatitis

Fluids for people with acute bacterial meningitis

Fluids for people with stroke

Fluoridated milk for preventing tooth decay

Fluoride can increase bone mineral density at the lumbar spine, it does not reduce vertebral fractures.

Fluoride supplementation (with tablets, drops, lozenges or chewing gum) in pregnant women for preventing dental caries in the primary teeth of their children

Fluoride supplements (tablets, drops, lozenges or chewing gums) for preventing tooth decay in children

Folate for depression

Folate supplementation in people with sickle cell disease

Folate supplementation in women of reproductive age

Folic acid for fragile X syndrome

Folic acid or folinic acid for reducing side effects of methotrexate for people with rheumatoid arthritis

Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy

Folic acid supplements before conception and in early pregnancy (up to 12 weeks) for the prevention of birth defects

Food-based oral rehydration solution for acute diarrhoea

Formula versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants

Formula versus maternal breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants

Fortification of condiments and seasonings with iron for preventing anaemia and improving health

Fortification of maize flour with iron for preventing anaemia and iron deficiency

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency

G. lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment

Garlic for Hypertension

Garlic for peripheral arterial occlusive disease affecting the legs

Garlic for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications

Garlic for the common cold

Giving additional fluid to newborn infants having phototherapy for serious jaundice

Giving glutamine supplements to critically ill adults

Giving intravenous nutrients to adults during surgery to prevent hypothermia

Giving iron supplements to improve outcomes in children with HIV/AIDS

Giving less oral or intravenous fluid to newborn infants with breathing difficulty (transient tachypnea of the newborn)

Glucosamine for osteoarthritis

Glucose-lowering agents for treating pre-existing and new-onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients

Glutamine for treatment of active Crohn's disease

Glutamine supplementation for young infants with severe gastrointestinal disease

Glutamine supplementation to prevent morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Green and black tea to prevent cardiovascular disease

Green tea for the prevention of cancer

Green tea for weight loss and weight maintenance in overweight or obese adults

Growth factor-supplemented culture media for women undergoing assisted reproduction

Growth monitoring in children

Health system and community level interventions for improving antenatal care coverage and health outcomes

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of children aged six years and below

Healthy weight interventions for improving thinking skills and school performance in children and teenagers with obesity

High versus low added sugar consumption for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease

High versus low medium chain triglyceride content of formula for promoting short-term growth of preterm infants

High versus standard volume feeds to promote growth in preterm or low birth weight infants

High-carbohydrate, high-protein, low-fat tube feeds versus low-carbohydrate, high-protein, high-fat tube feeds for patients with severe burns

Higher versus lower amino acid intake in parenteral nutrition for newborn infants

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed low birth weight infants

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed term infants

Home parenteral nutrition for people with bowel obstruction caused by cancer

Homocysteine lowering interventions for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and bypass grafts

Homocysteine-lowering interventions (B-complex vitamin therapy) for preventing cardiovascular events

Honey and lozenges for children with non-specific cough

Honey for acute cough in children

How accurate are tests to measure the level of ferritin (a protein that stores iron) in the blood at diagnosing iron deficiency and overload?

How do vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, selenium and glutathione affect lung disease in people with cystic fibrosis?

Human growth hormone and glutamine for patients with short bowel syndrome

Human milk-derived fortifier in preterm infants fed with all breast milk

Immunonutrition as an adjuvant therapy for burns

Immunonutrition for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults

Immunonutrition for patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer

Impact of exposure to alcohol marketing and subsequent drinking patterns among youth and young adults

Impact of food fortification with multiple micronutrients on health

Improving access to food in low- and middle-income countries

Improving the implementation of health-promoting policies and practices in workplaces

Improving the implementation of healthy eating, physical activity and obesity prevention policies, practices or programmes in childcare services

Improving the implementation of school-based policies and practices to improve student health

Increased energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) bronchopulmonary dysplasia/ chronic lung disease

Increased fruit and vegetable intake to prevent cardiovascular disease

Increased salt in solution to maintain fluid during surgery

Increased water intake for preventing urinary stones

Individual patient education for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Individualized versus standard diet fortification for growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Inositol for depression

Inositol for women with a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome and subfertility

Inositol in preterm infants at risk for or having respiratory distress syndrome

Inpatient hospital care compared to outpatient or day care for people with eating disorders

Instruments for assessing readiness to commence suck feeds in preterm infants

Insufficient evidence of the efficacy of thiamine for people with Alzheimer's disease

Integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) strategy for children younger than five years of age

Interaction of calcium channel blockers and grapefruit juice in healthy adults

Interactive computer-based interventions for weight loss or weight maintenance in overweight or obese people

Intermittent regimens of iron supplementation during pregnancy

Internet-based programmes for people with heart disease

Interventions for encouraging women to start breastfeeding

Interventions for growth failure in childhood Crohn's disease

Interventions for heartburn in pregnancy

Interventions for increasing eating of fruit and vegetables in children aged five years and under

Interventions for ketosis during labour

Interventions for leg cramps during pregnancy

Interventions for lowering plasma homocysteine levels in dialysis patients

Interventions for lowering plasma homocysteine levels in kidney transplant recipients

Interventions for metabolic bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease

Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy

Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients

Interventions for preventing constipation after giving birth

Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation

Interventions for swallowing difficulty in children with neurological impairment

Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in Crohn's disease

Interventions for the management of obesity in people with bipolar disorder

Interventions for the prevention of mastitis following childbirth

Interventions for the prevention of nutritional rickets in term born children

Interventions for the prevention of persistent smell disorders (olfactory dysfunction) after COVID-19 infection

Interventions for the treatment of COVID-19: a living network meta-analysis

Interventions for the treatment of persistent smell disorders (olfactory dysfunction) after COVID-19 infection

Interventions for the uptake of evidence-based recommendations in acute stroke settings

Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome

Interventions for treating constipation in pregnancy

Interventions for treating painful nipples among breastfeeding women

Interventions for treating severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (hyperemesis gravidarum)

Interventions for vaginal bleeding irregularities with contraceptive implant

Interventions in the management of serum lipids for preventing stroke recurrence

Interventions in the workplace to support breastfeeding for women in employment

New

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Interventions to change diet in a dental care environment

Interventions to enhance adherence to dietary advice for preventing and managing chronic diseases in adults

Interventions to improve insulin resistance for the prevention of endometrial cancer

Interventions to improve water quality and prevent diarrhoea

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil-transmitted helminth infection

Interventions to prevent spontaneous preterm birth in high-risk women with singleton pregnancy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Interventions to prevent women from developing diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Interventions to reduce digestive side effects of pelvic x-ray treatment

Interventions to reduce weight gain in schizophrenia

Interventions to support women who are overweight or obese to start and continue breastfeeding

Intravenous iron for the treatment of non-anaemic iron deficiency in adults

Intravenous iron versus oral iron versus no iron with or without erythropoiesis- stimulating agents (ESA) for cancer patients with anaemia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Iodine supplementation for the prevention of mortality and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants

Iodine supplementation for women before, during or after pregnancy

Iodised salt for preventing iodine deficiency disorders

Iron for the treatment of restless legs syndrome

Iron supplementation for the treatment of breath-holding attacks in children

Iron supplementation taken daily for improving health in menstruating women

Iron supplements for children living in malaria-endemic countries

Iron supplements taken one, two or three times a week for preventing anaemia, and its consequences in menstruating women

Iron therapy for improving physical and intellectual development in children under the age of three who are anaemic due to a lack of iron

Iron treatment for adults and children with reduced kidney function

Iron treatment for low red blood cell count prior to surgery

Iron treatment in adults without kidney disease

Is antioxidant therapy beneficial for people with chronic kidney disease?

Is L-acetylcarnitine an effective treatment for fragile X syndrome?

Is limiting the amount of fluid given to adults during surgery as good as using haemodynamic monitoring, which continuously measures changes in blood pressure or speed of blood flow inside the arteries, to guide fluid administration?

Is vitamin D an effective and safe addition to antibiotics to treat children with acute pneumonia?

Is vitamin D an effective and safe treatment for COVID-19?

Is vitamin D supplementation beneficial or harmful for women during pregnancy?

Isoflavones for hypercholesterolaemia

Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants

Ketogenic diet for primary brain and spinal cord tumours

Ketogenic diets for drug-resistant epilepsy

L-carnitine for cognitive enhancement in people without cognitive impairment

Lactase treated feeds to promote growth and feeding tolerance in preterm infants

Lactoferrin for the post-operative management of term neonates after gastrointestinal surgery

Lifestyle changes for treating psoriasis

Lifestyle interventions for chronic gout

Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of urinary incontinence in adults

Lifestyle interventions for treating acute gout attacks

Lifestyle interventions for treating women with gestational diabetes (or diabetes in pregnancy)

Lifestyle modification strategies for managing obstructive sleep apnoea

Lifestyle modifications for people with nonalcohol-related fatty liver disease

Lipid-lowering for peripheral arterial disease of the lower limb

Live micro-organisms for prevention or treatment of diarrhoea in people with cancer who are treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infants born at term

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements for mothers who breastfeed

Long-term non-pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with prediabetes

Long-term non-pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in preterm infants

Low bacterial diet versus control diet to prevent infection in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy causing episodes of neutropenia

Low carbohydrate versus balanced carbohydrate diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk

Low glycaemic index diets for cardiovascular disease

Low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets for overweight and obesity

Low glycaemic index, or low glycaemic load, diets for diabetes mellitus

Low protein diets for non-diabetic adults with chronic kidney disease

Low-fat diets for acquired hypercholesterolaemia

Lycopene for the prevention of prostate cancer

Magnesium for acute traumatic brain injury

Magnesium for muscle cramps

Magnesium for the prevention or treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in adults

Magnesium for treating sickle cell disease

Magnesium sulphate for treating children up to two years old with bronchiolitis

Management of pregnant women with borderline gestational diabetes mellitus

Managing symptoms in motor neuron disease

Marine oil supplements for rheumatoid arthritis

Marine-derived fatty acid therapy for stroke

Maternal colostrum provided into the mouth of preterm babies to prevent complications and improve outcomes

Maternal dietary antigen avoidance during pregnancy or lactation, or both, for preventing or treating atopic disease in the child

Maternal glucose administration for facilitating tests of fetal wellbeing

Maternal nutrient supplementation for suspected impaired fetal growth

Maternal probiotic supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Medical and dietary interventions for preventing recurrent urinary stones in children

Medical treatments for eosinophilic esophagitis (a chronic disease associated with increased numbers of eosinophils in the esophagus and symptoms of esophagitis)

Medically assisted nutrition to assist palliative care patients

Mediterranean-style diet for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Metabolomics for improving pregnancy outcomes

Methods of milk expression for lactating women

mHealth-delivered education interventions in heart failure, using smartphone, tablet and internet-based programmes and apps

Micronutrient supplementation for children with HIV infection

Micronutrient supplements for non-pregnant adults with HIV infection

Mobile health (m-health) smartphone interventions for overweight or obese adolescents and adults

Modest salt reduction lowers blood pressure in all ethnic groups at all levels of blood pressure without adverse consequences

Modified dietary fat intake for treatment of gallstone disease

Modifying the consistency of food and fluids for swallowing difficulties in dementia

Momordica charantia for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Mono and multifaceted allergen reducing interventions for the primary prevention of asthma in children at high risk of developing asthma

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) avoidance for chronic asthma in adults and children

Multi-nutrient fortification of breast milk for preterm infants

Multicomponent fortification of human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Multiple micronutrient supplementation for breastfeeding women for improving outcomes for the mother and her baby

Multiple risk factor interventions for coronary heart disease

Nasal versus oral route for placing feeding tubes in preterm or low birth weight infants

Nasogastric tubes versus nasojejunal tube for feeding people with severe acute pancreatitis

National government initiatives to reduce salt intake in populations

Neonatal vitamin A supplementation for prevention of mortality and morbidity among term neonates in low and middle income countries

Newborn screening for homocystinuria

Newer alternative fat emulsions versus the conventional pure soybean oil based fat emulsions for intravenous nutrition in preterm infants.

Niacin for people with or without established cardiovascular disease

No evidence of benefit from vitamin B6 supplementation on mood or cognition of older people with normal vitamin B6 status or with vitamin B6 deficiency

No evidence of benefit of Acetyl-l-carnitine for dementia

No evidence of efficacy of alpha lipoic acid for dementia

No evidence of the efficacy of vitamin B12 supplementation for cognitive function

No evidence that delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds prevents necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

No evidence that folic acid with or without vitamin B12 improves cognitive function of unselected elderly people with or without dementia. Long-term supplementation may benefit cognitive function of healthy older people with high homocysteine levels

No evidence to support or refute antioxidant supplements for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or steatohepatitis

No evidence to support or refute probiotics for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or steatohepatitis

Non-nutritive sucking for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in preterm and low birth weight infants

Non-nutritive sucking for increasing physiologic stability and nutrition in preterm infants

Non-pharmacological interventions for people with epilepsy and intellectual disabilities

Nutrient-enriched formula for preterm infants

Nutrient-enriched formula milk versus human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Nutrient-enriched formula versus standard term formula for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Nutrition education to support weaning of term-born infants

Nutrition for critically ill children in paediatric intensive care units

Nutrition support for people having an operation for bladder cancer

Nutritional advice for improving outcomes in multiple pregnancies

Nutritional interventions for liver transplanted patients

Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV

Nutritional interventions for survivors of childhood cancer

Nutritional labelling to promote healthier consumption and purchasing of food or drinks

Nutritional screening for improving patient care and professional practice

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

Nutritional supplementation for people with non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease

Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Nutritional supplementation in enteral and parenteral nutrition for people with acute pancreatitis

Nutritional supplements for patients who are being treated for active visceral leishmaniasis

Nutritional supplements for people being treated for active tuberculosis

Nutritional support for acute kidney injury

Nutritional support for adults with swallowing difficulties

Nutritional support for patients with liver disease

Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy

Nutritional support, through the intestine (enteral) versus by injection (parenteral) for people with acute pancreatitis

Omega 3 fatty acids (fish oil) for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease

Omega 3 fatty acids for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis

Omega 3 fatty acids for preventing and slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration

Omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements for dry eye disease

Omega-3 fatty acid addition during pregnancy

Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for depression in children and adolescents

Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for intermittent claudication

Omega-3 fatty acids for autism spectrum disorders (ASD)

Omega-3 fatty acids for bipolar disorder

Omega-3 fatty acids for depression in adults

Omega-3 fatty acids for the treatment of dementia

Omega-3 intake for cardiovascular disease

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Omega-6 fats to prevent and treat heart and circulatory diseases

One, two or three times a week iron supplements for improving health and development among children under 12 years of age

Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding

Oral and sublingual immunotherapy (giving people small amounts of things they are allergic to via their mouth or under their tongue) for fruit allergy

Oral dextrose gel for prevention of low blood glucose levels in newborn babies

Oral dextrose gel for treatment of newborn infants with low blood glucose levels

Oral magnesium supplementation for high blood pressure in adults

Oral potassium supplementation for high blood pressure in adults

Oral protein-based nutritional supplement in people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis

Oral rehydration salt solutions for treating cholera: lower salt content versus higher salt content solutions

Oral vitamin B12 compared with intramuscular vitamin B12 for vitamin B12 deficiency

Oral vitamin C supplements to prevent and treat acute upper respiratory tract infections

Oral zinc for the prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates

Oral zinc supplementation for treating diarrhoea in children

Oral zinc supplements for treating leg ulcers

Parent training programmes for managing infantile (baby) colic

Parent-only interventions for childhood overweight or obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years

Parenteral calcium for intensive care unit patients

Parenteral versus enteral fluid therapy for children hospitalised with bronchiolitis

Patient education interventions for the management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Patterns of breastfeeding, according to the baby or according to the clock

Percutaneous central venous catheters versus peripheral cannulae for delivery of parenteral nutrition in neonates

New

Periodic measurement of the containment volume of the stomach during tube feeding

Pharmacological treatments for Friedreich ataxia

Physical activity interventions and nutrition-based interventions for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Phytoestrogens for vasomotor menopausal symptoms

Phytoestrogens in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis

Policy interventions implemented through sporting organisations to promote healthy behaviour change

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for drug-resistant epilepsy

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for schizophrenia

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infancy for the prevention of allergy

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplements for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for children with specific learning disorders

Polyunsaturated fatty acids for prevention and treatment of diseases of the heart and circulation

Portion, package or tableware size for changing selection and consumption of food, alcohol and tobacco

Post-pyloric versus gastric tube feeding for critically ill adult patients

Powdered vitamins and minerals added to foods at the point-of-use reduces anaemia and iron deficiency in preschool- and school-age children

Powders of iron plus other micronutrients for home (point-of-use) fortification of foods consumed by pregnant women

Pre-operative Nutrition in Patients Undergoing Surgery on the Digestive System

Prebiotics for the prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates

Prebiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food allergy

Preconception care for women with epilepsy: a mixed methods review

Preconception health programs and interventions for women who are overweight or obese to improve pregnancy outcomes for the woman and her infant

Preoperative fasting for adults to prevent perioperative complications

Preoperative fasting for children to prevent complications during surgery

Preoperative fasting for prevention of perioperative complications in children

Preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents

Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or who were born to an HIV-infected mother

Probiotics ('healthy bacteria') for preventing acute middle ear infection in children

Probiotics (live micro-organisms) to prevent upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) (for example, the common cold)

Probiotics as adjunctive therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection

Probiotics as an added treatment for gestational diabetes to improve mother and baby outcomes

Probiotics for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease

Probiotics for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis

Probiotics for people with cystic fibrosis

Probiotics for people with hepatic encephalopathy

Probiotics for persistent diarrhoea in children

Probiotics for preventing preterm labour

Probiotics for preventing urinary tract infections in adults and children

Probiotics for preventing urinary tract infections in people with bladder dysfunction after a nervous system injury

Probiotics for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia

Probiotics for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birthweight infants

Probiotics for the post-operative management of term neonates after gastrointestinal surgery

Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children

Probiotics for the prevention of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis

Probiotics for the treatment of active Crohn's disease

Probiotics for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis

Probiotics for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis

Probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome in children

Probiotics for treating eczema

Probiotics for treatment of chronic constipation in children

Probiotics for treatment of Clostridium difficile -associated colitis in adults

Probiotics for vulvovaginal candidiasis in non-pregnant women

Probiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food hypersensitivity

Probiotics to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus

Probiotics to prevent infantile colic

Programmes based in primary schools designed to help prevent tooth decay by changing children's behaviour

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates

Prophylactic vitamin K for vitamin K deficiency bleeding in neonates

Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition

Protein hydrolysate versus standard formula for preterm infants

Protein restriction for children with chronic kidney disease

Protein restriction for diabetic kidney disease

Protein restriction for diabetic renal disease

Protein supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants

Providing extra food for children under five years of age in low and middle income countries

New

Providing folic acid to reduce arsenic toxicity in arsenic-exposed children and adults

Psychological and educational interventions to reduce alcohol consumption by pregnant women

Push versus gravity for intermittent bolus gavage tube feeding of preterm and low birth weight infants

Pyridoxal 5 phosphate for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia.

Re-feeding versus discarding gastric residuals to improve growth in preterm infants

Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) as home-based treatment for severely malnourished children between six months and five years

Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution for treating dehydration caused by acute diarrhoea in children

Reduced salt intake compared to normal dietary salt, or high intake, in pregnancy

Reducing aflatoxin intake with agricultural and nutritional education to improve growth of infants and children in low- and middle-income countries

Reducing nausea and vomiting in women having a caesarean birth with regional anaesthesia

Regimens of vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy

Reintroducing a normal diet following acute diarrhoea

Responsive feeding versus scheduled feeding for preterm infants

Restricted versus liberal water intake for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Resveratrol for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Retinoic acid after intensive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation in people with high-risk neuroblastoma

Rooming-in for new mother and infant versus separate care for increasing duration of breastfeeding

Routine monitoring of stomach aspirates for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

School feeding for improving the physical and psychosocial health of disadvantaged schoolchildren

Screening newborn babies for galactosaemia

Screening women for gestational diabetes in pregnancy based on whether they are considered at risk, and in different settings

Selected laboratory-based biomarkers for assessing vitamin A deficiency in at-risk individuals

Selenium for preventing cancer

Selenium supplementation for asthma

Selenium supplementation to prevent short-term morbidity in preterm neonates

Selenium supplements for adults who are critically ill

Selenium supplements for alleviating the side effects of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery in cancer patients

Selenium supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Self management interventions for type 2 diabetes in adults with severe mental illness

Self management programmes for people living with the long-term effects of stroke

Short versus long feeding interval for bolus feedings in very preterm infants

Slowly advancing milk feeds to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Soy formula for prevention of allergy and food intolerance in infants

Specially formulated foods for treating children with moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries

Staple crops biofortified with increased micronutrient content: effects on vitamin and mineral status, as well as health and cognitive function in the general population

Stopping feeds for prevention of transfusion-associated necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

Sucrose for analgesia (pain relief) in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures

Supplementary feeding for children aged three months to five years: does it work to improve their health and well-being?

Supplementary feeding for groups of people that are food insecure, vulnerable and malnourished

Supplementary vitamin E, selenium, cysteine and riboflavin for preventing kwashiorkor in preschool children in developing countries

Support during pregnancy for women at increased risk of low birthweight babies

Support for breastfeeding mothers

Supportive interventions for improving dietary intake in nutritionally vulnerable groups

Swallowing therapy for difficulties with swallowing in stroke survivors who have had a recent stroke

Sweet potato for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Synbiotics for preventing necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for people with chronic kidney disease

Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for solid organ transplant recipients

Systematic review of lipid emulsions for intravenous nutrition in preterm infants.

Systematic review of lipid emulsions for intravenous nutrition in term and late preterm infants.

Taking myo-inositol as a dietary supplement during pregnancy to prevent the development of gestational diabetes

Targeted mass media interventions to encourage healthier behaviours in adult, ethnic minorities

Tartrazine exclusion for allergic asthma

Taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages for reducing their consumption and preventing obesity or other adverse health outcomes

The addition of vitamin K to improve anticoagulation stability for patients starting or already on warfarin

The effect of a healthy lifestyle for women with polycystic ovary syndrome

The effect of a low salt diet on blood pressure and some hormones and lipids in people with normal and elevated blood pressure

The effect of caffeine in people with asthma

The effect of diets on rheumatoid arthritis

The effect of having nutrition within the first 24 hours after bowel surgery on length of hospital stay and postoperative complications

The effect of interventions to improve water quality and supply, provide sanitation and promote handwashing with soap on physical growth in children

The effect of removing or reducing lactose from milk in young children with acute diarrhoea

The effects of fortification of common foods with zinc on health outcomes

The effects of fortification of wheat and maize flour with folic acid on population health outcomes

The effects of iron supplementation on iron deficiency and deferral in blood donors

The impact of growth monitoring and promotion on health indicators in children under five years of age in low- and middle-income countries

The impact of protein substitute on the nutrition status, growth, and neuropsychological performance of children and adults with phenylketonuria

The long term effects of advice to cut down on salt in food on deaths, cardiovascular disease and blood pressure in adults

The role of iron in the management of chemotherapy-induced anemia in cancer patients receiving erythropoiesis-stimulating agents

The use of erythropoietin plus iron to correct anaemia before surgery to reduce the risk of blood transfusion

The use of omega-3 supplements in people with cystic fibrosis

The use of oral protein calorie supplements in children with chronic disease

The use of probiotics to prevent Clostridium difficile diarrhea associated with antibiotic use

The use of regular vitamin A or vitamin A-like preparations for children and adults with cystic fibrosis

The use of regular vitamin D preparations for children and adults with cystic fibrosis

The use of vitamin E in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD)

The WHO Health Promoting School framework for improving the health and well-being of students and their academic achievement

Therapies for treating iron deficiency anaemia in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis

Therapies for treating pain in ulcerative colitis

There is insufficient evidence for the use of carbohydrates to improve cognitive performance in older adults with normal or mild cognitive impairment

There is insufficient evidence to suggest that enteral tube feeding is beneficial in patients with advanced dementia. Data are lacking on the adverse effects of this intervention

There is not enough high quality evidence to show that dietary magnesium supplementation during pregnancy is beneficial

Thiamine for prevention and treatment of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in people who abuse alcohol

To determine if higher of lower sodium intake in preterm infants prevents sodium imbalance and subsequent morbidity and mortality.

Transpyloric versus gastric tube feeding for preterm infants

Treatment for anemia in people with AIDS

Treatment for breast engorgement (overfull, hard, painful breasts) in breastfeeding women

Treatment for swallowing difficulties in hereditary ataxia

Treatment for women with iron deficiency anaemia after childbirth

Treatment for women with postpartum iron deficiency anaemia

Treatments for anaemia in pregnancy thought to be due to iron deficiency

Treatments for breast abscesses in breastfeeding women

Treatments for gestational diabetes

Treatments for intractable constipation in childhood

Treatments for leg ulcers in people with sickle cell disease

Treatments to improve pregnancy outcomes for women who develop diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Treatments to prevent and treat thinning of bones and prevent fractures caused by corticosteroids in Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Trials of interventions for pregnant women who are obese to lose weight and improve pregnancy outcomes.

Tryptophan and 5-Hydroxytryptophan for depression

Tube feeding (mainly via the nose into the stomach or directly into the stomach) in people with cystic fibrosis

Tube feeding in patients with acute pancreatitis

Unconditional cash transfers in disasters: effect on use of health services and health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries

Use of calcium during exchange blood transfusion for newborn infants

Use of oral supplements to increase calorie intake in people with cystic fibrosis

Use of treatments to dislodge soft foods stuck between the throat and the stomach to try to avoid the need for an endoscopy

Use of vitamin A and fish oils for retinitis pigmentosa

Using a vitamin and mineral powder, mixed into complementary foods, to improve health and nutrition in children under two years of age

Using an omega-3 fatty acid made from fish oils to treat cancer related weight loss

Using computers to self-manage type 2 diabetes

Using diet to manage phenylketonuria

Vegan diet for adults with overweight or obesity

Vegan diets for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Vitamin A for measles in children

Vitamin A for non-measles pneumonia in children

Vitamin A for preventing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children up to seven years of age

Vitamin A for preventing blindness in children with measles

Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn health outcomes

Vitamin A supplementation for infants one to six months of age for preventing death and illnesses

Vitamin A supplementation for postpartum women

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing disease and death in children aged six months to five years

Vitamin A supplementation for prevention of mortality and morbidity in moderate and late preterm infants

Vitamin A supplementation to prevent deaths and short- and long-term illness in very low birth weight infants

Vitamin A supplements for reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid life

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing cognitive deterioration in cognitively healthy people in mid and late life

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment

Vitamin and mineral supplements for women during pregnancy

Vitamin B and its derivatives for diabetic kidney disease

Vitamin B for treating disorders of the peripheral nerves

Vitamin B12 supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and child health outcomes

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) supplementation in pregnancy or labour for maternal and neonatal outcomes

Vitamin B6 and magnesium in combination for children with autism spectrum disorder

Vitamin C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) for diabetic retinopathy

Vitamin C for asthma and exercise-induced breathlessness

Vitamin C for Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease (hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy)

Vitamin C for preventing and treating pneumonia

Vitamin C for preventing and treating tetanus

Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold

Vitamin C supplementation for prevention and treatment of pneumonia

Vitamin C supplementation in pregnancy

Vitamin C supplementation to prevent cardiovascular disease

Vitamin D and related vitamin D compounds for preventing fractures resulting from osteoporosis in older people

Vitamin D compounds for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis

Vitamin D compounds for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis

Vitamin D for improving bone density in children

Vitamin D for the management of multiple sclerosis

Vitamin D for the treatment of chronic painful conditions in adults

Vitamin D for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

Vitamin D supplementation for chronic liver diseases

Vitamin D supplementation for obese adults undergoing bariatric surgery

Vitamin D supplementation for preventing infections in children under five

Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of cancer in adults

Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults

Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of vitamin D deficiency in preterm and low birth weight infants

Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease

Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health

Vitamin D supplementation in infancy for improving bone density

Vitamin D to prevent asthma attacks

Vitamin D with or without calcium for treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women

Vitamin D, calcium or a combination of vitamin D and calcium for the treatment of nutritional rickets in children

Vitamin E for antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia

Vitamin E for intermittent claudication

Vitamin E supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Vitamin E supplementation in people with cystic fibrosis

Vitamin E supplementation in pregnancy

Vitamin K for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women

Vitamin K for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people with acute or chronic liver diseases

Vitamin K prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage

Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis

Vitamin K supplementation to prevent cardiovascular disease

Vitamin supplementation for preventing miscarriage

Vitamins and minerals for subfertility in women

Vitamins C and E for asthma and exercise-induced breathlessness

Vitamins for epilepsy

Water fluoridation to prevent tooth decay

Ways to help pregnant women avoid preterm birth

Weight loss intervention through lifestyle modification or pharmacotherapy for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults

Weight loss interventions for people with chronic kidney disease who are overweight or obese

Weight loss programmes for overweight and obese breast cancer survivors: what are their benefits and harms, and do they help survivors to live longer?

Weight reduction for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Weight reduction for primary prevention of stroke in adults with overweight or obesity

Weight-loss interventions in endometrial cancer survivors

What are the most effective interventions during pregnancy for preventing stillbirth?

What evidence is there that care bundles improve outcomes for patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care setting?

What is the best treatment for itch in people with chronic kidney disease?

Whole grain cereals for cardiovascular disease

Whole grain foods for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Xylitol sugar supplement for preventing middle ear infection in children up to 12 years of age

Zinc supplementation as an adjunct to antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia in children two to 59 months of age

Zinc supplementation for improving pregnancy and infant outcome

Zinc supplementation for improving the health and survival of infants less than six months old

Zinc supplementation for mental and motor development in children

Zinc supplementation for preventing death and disease, and for growth, in children aged six months to 12 years of age

Zinc supplementation for the prevention of pneumonia in children aged two to 59 months

Zinc supplementation for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Zinc supplementation for the treatment of measles in children

Zinc supplementation of parenteral nutrition in newborn infants

Zinc supplements for preventing middle ear infections

Zinc supplements for thalassaemia and sickle cell disease

Zinc supplements for tinnitus

[ Calcium and vitamin D for increasing bone mineral density in pre-menopausal women]

[Telephone interventions for providing education and psychosocial support to caregivers]

By subtopic:

Allergy & intolerance (40)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (1)

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infancy for the prevention of allergy

Complementary/alternative supplements (8)

Prebiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food allergy

Probiotics for treating eczema

Probiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food hypersensitivity

The effect of caffeine in people with asthma

Diets & dietary patterns (16)

Calorie-controlled diets for chronic asthma

Dietary exclusions for improving established atopic eczema in adults and children

Dietary marine fatty acids (fish oil) for asthma in adults and children

Does reducing the amount of salt in a diet improve asthma symptoms?

Fish oil (n-3 or omega-3) for pregnant mothers or breastfeeding mothers to prevent allergies in their young children

Maternal dietary antigen avoidance during pregnancy or lactation, or both, for preventing or treating atopic disease in the child

Medical treatments for eosinophilic esophagitis (a chronic disease associated with increased numbers of eosinophils in the esophagus and symptoms of esophagitis)

Mono and multifaceted allergen reducing interventions for the primary prevention of asthma in children at high risk of developing asthma

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) avoidance for chronic asthma in adults and children

Tartrazine exclusion for allergic asthma

Food groups (3)

Oral and sublingual immunotherapy (giving people small amounts of things they are allergic to via their mouth or under their tongue) for fruit allergy

The effect of caffeine in people with asthma

Macronutrient supplementation (6)

Dietary marine fatty acids (fish oil) for asthma in adults and children

Dietary supplements for established atopic eczema in adults and children

Fish oil (n-3 or omega-3) for pregnant mothers or breastfeeding mothers to prevent allergies in their young children

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infancy for the prevention of allergy

Micronutrient supplementation (6)

Dietary supplements for established atopic eczema in adults and children

Selenium supplementation for asthma

Vitamin C for asthma and exercise-induced breathlessness

Vitamin D to prevent asthma attacks

Vitamins C and E for asthma and exercise-induced breathlessness

Anaesthesia & pain (41)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (4)

Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates

Does breastfeeding reduce vaccination pain in babies aged 1 to 12 months?

Complementary/alternative supplements (5)

Caffeine as an analgesic adjuvant for acute pain in adults

Chondroitin for osteoarthritis

Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome

Complete nutritional formula (3)

Giving intravenous nutrients to adults during surgery to prevent hypothermia

Medically assisted nutrition to assist palliative care patients

Delivery & implementation strategies (6)

Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates

Does breastfeeding reduce vaccination pain in babies aged 1 to 12 months?

Does giving patients carbohydrate supplements before planned surgery lead to improved recovery?

Giving intravenous nutrients to adults during surgery to prevent hypothermia

Medically assisted nutrition to assist palliative care patients

Preoperative fasting for adults to prevent perioperative complications

Fluids (4)

Body position and intake of fluids for preventing headache after a lumbar puncture

Buffered versus non-buffered fluids given to adults during surgery

Increased salt in solution to maintain fluid during surgery

Macronutrient supplementation (6)

Does giving patients carbohydrate supplements before planned surgery lead to improved recovery?

Giving intravenous nutrients to adults during surgery to prevent hypothermia

Sucrose for analgesia (pain relief) in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures

Using an omega-3 fatty acid made from fish oils to treat cancer related weight loss

Micronutrient supplementation (6)

Increased salt in solution to maintain fluid during surgery

Selenium supplements for alleviating the side effects of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery in cancer patients

Vitamin D for the treatment of chronic painful conditions in adults

Nutrition education, communication & support (5)

Education for the management of cancer-related fatigue

Effects of perioperative alcohol cessation interventions on postoperative complications following surgery

Nutritional screening for improving patient care and professional practice

Policies & programmes (2)

Nutritional screening for improving patient care and professional practice

Blood disorders (60)

Complementary/alternative supplements (1)

Prebiotics for the prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates

Delivery & implementation strategies (8)

Giving additional fluid to newborn infants having phototherapy for serious jaundice

Intravenous iron versus oral iron versus no iron with or without erythropoiesis- stimulating agents (ESA) for cancer patients with anaemia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis (protocol stage)

Iron supplements taken one, two or three times a week for preventing anaemia, and its consequences in menstruating women

Iron treatment for low red blood cell count prior to surgery

Iron treatment in adults without kidney disease

The effects of iron supplementation on iron deficiency and deferral in blood donors

Therapies for treating iron deficiency anaemia in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis

Treatment for women with iron deficiency anaemia after childbirth

Diets & dietary patterns (4)

Dietary modifications for managing familial hypercholesterolaemia

Folate supplementation in people with sickle cell disease

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Low bacterial diet versus control diet to prevent infection in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy causing episodes of neutropenia

Fluids (1)

Giving additional fluid to newborn infants having phototherapy for serious jaundice

Food groups (1)

Dietary modifications for managing familial hypercholesterolaemia

Fortified foods (5)

Does adding iron to wheat flour reduce anaemia and increase iron levels in the general population?

Fortification of condiments and seasonings with iron for preventing anaemia and improving health (protocol stage)

Fortification of maize flour with iron for preventing anaemia and iron deficiency

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

The effects of iron supplementation on iron deficiency and deferral in blood donors

Macronutrient supplementation (2)

Dietary modifications for managing familial hypercholesterolaemia

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Micronutrient supplementation (35)

Antioxidant supplementation for sickle cell disease (protocol stage)

Effects and safety of preventive oral iron or iron + folic acid supplementation for women during pregnancy

Folate supplementation in people with sickle cell disease

Fortification of condiments and seasonings with iron for preventing anaemia and improving health (protocol stage)

Fortification of maize flour with iron for preventing anaemia and iron deficiency

Homocysteine lowering interventions for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and bypass grafts

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Intravenous iron for the treatment of non-anaemic iron deficiency in adults

Iron supplements taken one, two or three times a week for preventing anaemia, and its consequences in menstruating women

Iron therapy for improving physical and intellectual development in children under the age of three who are anaemic due to a lack of iron

Iron treatment for low red blood cell count prior to surgery

Iron treatment in adults without kidney disease

Magnesium for treating sickle cell disease

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates

The addition of vitamin K to improve anticoagulation stability for patients starting or already on warfarin

The effects of iron supplementation on iron deficiency and deferral in blood donors

The role of iron in the management of chemotherapy-induced anemia in cancer patients receiving erythropoiesis-stimulating agents

The use of erythropoietin plus iron to correct anaemia before surgery to reduce the risk of blood transfusion

Therapies for treating iron deficiency anaemia in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis

Treatment for anemia in people with AIDS

Treatment for women with iron deficiency anaemia after childbirth

Treatment for women with postpartum iron deficiency anaemia

Treatments for anaemia in pregnancy thought to be due to iron deficiency

Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease

Zinc supplements for thalassaemia and sickle cell disease

Nutrition education, communication & support (1)

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Policies & programmes (2)

Does adding iron to wheat flour reduce anaemia and increase iron levels in the general population?

Fortification of maize flour with iron for preventing anaemia and iron deficiency

Cancer (70)

Complementary/alternative supplements (9)

Chinese herbal medicine alone or combined with vitamins for gastric precancerous lesions (protocol stage)

Dietary flavonoid for preventing colorectal neoplasms

G. lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment

Green tea for the prevention of cancer

Live micro-organisms for prevention or treatment of diarrhoea in people with cancer who are treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy

Lycopene for the prevention of prostate cancer

Complete nutritional formula (7)

Artificial tube feeding methods for use with patients with head and neck cancer who are receiving treatment with radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both

Do nutritional interventions reduce gastrointestinal toxicity in adults undergoing radical pelvic radiotherapy?

Immunonutrition for patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer

Nutrition support for people having an operation for bladder cancer

The effect of having nutrition within the first 24 hours after bowel surgery on length of hospital stay and postoperative complications

Delivery & implementation strategies (6)

Artificial tube feeding methods for use with patients with head and neck cancer who are receiving treatment with radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both

Home parenteral nutrition for people with bowel obstruction caused by cancer

Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy

The effect of having nutrition within the first 24 hours after bowel surgery on length of hospital stay and postoperative complications

Diets & dietary patterns (16)

Dietary flavonoid for preventing colorectal neoplasms

Dietary intake in people living beyond cancer

Do nutritional interventions reduce gastrointestinal toxicity in adults undergoing radical pelvic radiotherapy?

Interventions to improve insulin resistance for the prevention of endometrial cancer (protocol stage)

Interventions to reduce digestive side effects of pelvic x-ray treatment

Ketogenic diet for primary brain and spinal cord tumours (protocol stage)

Low bacterial diet versus control diet to prevent infection in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy causing episodes of neutropenia

Lycopene for the prevention of prostate cancer

Nutritional interventions for survivors of childhood cancer

Selenium for preventing cancer

Weight loss programmes for overweight and obese breast cancer survivors: what are their benefits and harms, and do they help survivors to live longer?

Food groups (1)

Green tea for the prevention of cancer

Fortified foods (1)

Nutrition support for people having an operation for bladder cancer

Macronutrient supplementation (5)

Do nutritional interventions reduce gastrointestinal toxicity in adults undergoing radical pelvic radiotherapy?

Does dietary fibre prevent the recurrence of colorectal adenomas and carcinomas?

Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy

Using an omega-3 fatty acid made from fish oils to treat cancer related weight loss

Micronutrient supplementation (19)

Antioxidant supplements cannot be recommended for gastrointestinal cancer prevention

Chinese herbal medicine alone or combined with vitamins for gastric precancerous lesions (protocol stage)

Daily intake of 1 gr dietary calcium may have moderate protective effect on development of colorectal adenomatous polyps

Do nutritional interventions reduce gastrointestinal toxicity in adults undergoing radical pelvic radiotherapy?

Interventions to reduce digestive side effects of pelvic x-ray treatment

Nutritional interventions for survivors of childhood cancer

Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy

Retinoic acid after intensive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation in people with high-risk neuroblastoma

Selenium for preventing cancer

Selenium supplements for alleviating the side effects of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery in cancer patients

The role of iron in the management of chemotherapy-induced anemia in cancer patients receiving erythropoiesis-stimulating agents

Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of cancer in adults

Nutrition education, communication & support (6)

Do nutritional interventions reduce gastrointestinal toxicity in adults undergoing radical pelvic radiotherapy?

Education for the management of cancer-related fatigue

Nutrition support for people having an operation for bladder cancer

Nutritional interventions for survivors of childhood cancer

Weight-loss interventions in endometrial cancer survivors

Child health (475)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (63)

Avoidance of bottles during the establishment of breastfeeds in preterm infants

Banked preterm versus banked term human milk to promote growth and development in very low birth weight infants

Breastfeeding education and support for women with multiple pregnancies

Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates

Carbohydrate supplementation of human milk to promote growth in preterm infants

Comparison of different protein concentrations of human milk fortifier for promoting growth and neurological development in preterm infants

Continuous nasogastric milk feeding versus intermittent bolus milk feeding for preterm infants less than 1500 grams

Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed

Diet changes for infant colic

Dilute versus full-strength formula in exclusively formula-fed preterm or low birth weight infants

Does breastfeeding reduce vaccination pain in babies aged 1 to 12 months?

Does supplementation of human milk with calcium and phosphorus improve growth and development in preterm infants?

Earlier compared to later addition of human milk fortifier to human milk to promote growth in preterm infants

Early additional food and fluids for healthy breastfed full-term infants

Early full enteral feeds for preterm or low birth weight infants

Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants

Effect of restricted pacifier use on duration of breastfeeding in full-term infants

Exposure to the smell and taste of milk to accelerate feeding in preterm infants

Fat supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants

Fluid restriction as a treatment for preterm infants developing chronic lung disease

Formula versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants

Formula versus maternal breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants

High versus low medium chain triglyceride content of formula for promoting short-term growth of preterm infants

High versus standard volume feeds to promote growth in preterm or low birth weight infants

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed low birth weight infants

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed term infants (protocol stage)

Human milk-derived fortifier in preterm infants fed with all breast milk

Increased energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) bronchopulmonary dysplasia/ chronic lung disease

Individualized versus standard diet fortification for growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Interventions in the workplace to support breastfeeding for women in employment

Interventions to support women who are overweight or obese to start and continue breastfeeding

Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants

Lactase treated feeds to promote growth and feeding tolerance in preterm infants

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infants born at term

Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in preterm infants

Maternal colostrum provided into the mouth of preterm babies to prevent complications and improve outcomes

Multi-nutrient fortification of breast milk for preterm infants

Multicomponent fortification of human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Multiple micronutrient supplementation for breastfeeding women for improving outcomes for the mother and her baby

No evidence that delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds prevents necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Nutrient-enriched formula for preterm infants

Nutrient-enriched formula milk versus human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Nutrient-enriched formula versus standard term formula for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding

Patterns of breastfeeding, according to the baby or according to the clock

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infancy for the prevention of allergy

Protein hydrolysate versus standard formula for preterm infants

Protein supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants

Rooming-in for new mother and infant versus separate care for increasing duration of breastfeeding

Screening newborn babies for galactosaemia

Slowly advancing milk feeds to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Soy formula for prevention of allergy and food intolerance in infants

Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health

Complementary/alternative supplements (35)

Antioxidants to prevent respiratory decline in people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and progressive respiratory decline (protocol stage)

Can xylitol used in products like sweets, candy, chewing gum and toothpaste help prevent tooth decay in children and adults?

Carnitine supplementation for preterm infants with recurrent apnoea

Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain in children

Different strains of probiotics for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants: a network meta-analysis (protocol stage)

Honey and lozenges for children with non-specific cough

Inositol in preterm infants at risk for or having respiratory distress syndrome

Maternal probiotic supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Prebiotics for the prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates

Prebiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food allergy

Probiotics ('healthy bacteria') for preventing acute middle ear infection in children

Probiotics as an added treatment for gestational diabetes to improve mother and baby outcomes

Probiotics for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease

Probiotics for persistent diarrhoea in children

Probiotics for preventing urinary tract infections in adults and children

Probiotics for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birthweight infants

Probiotics for the post-operative management of term neonates after gastrointestinal surgery (protocol stage)

Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children

Probiotics for the prevention of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (protocol stage)

Probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome in children (protocol stage)

Probiotics for treatment of chronic constipation in children (protocol stage)

Probiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food hypersensitivity

Probiotics to prevent infantile colic

Synbiotics for preventing necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants (protocol stage)

The use of probiotics to prevent Clostridium difficile diarrhea associated with antibiotic use

Complete nutritional formula (6)

Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice

Feeding by tube into the stomach or intestine versus feeding by mouth for children with cerebral palsy

Interventions for growth failure in childhood Crohn's disease

Nutrition for critically ill children in paediatric intensive care units

Xylitol sugar supplement for preventing middle ear infection in children up to 12 years of age

Delivery & implementation strategies (91)

Approaches for helping children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis to take part in decisions about their healthcare

Avoidance of bottles during the establishment of breastfeeds in preterm infants

Branched-chain amino acid supplementation for improving nutrition in term and preterm neonates

Breastfeeding education and support for women with multiple pregnancies

Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates

Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children

Children with dehydration due to gastroenteritis need to be rehydrated, and this review did not show any important differences between giving fluids orally or intravenously

Continuous nasogastric milk feeding versus intermittent bolus milk feeding for preterm infants less than 1500 grams

Continuous versus intermittent bolus feeding for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed

Diet, physical activity, and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obesity in preschool children up to the age of 6 years

Different fluid therapy strategies for sepsis and septic shock

Different strains of probiotics for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants: a network meta-analysis (protocol stage)

Does breastfeeding reduce vaccination pain in babies aged 1 to 12 months?

Early additional food and fluids for healthy breastfed full-term infants

Early discharge with home support of gavage feeding for stable preterm infants who have not established full oral feeds

Early full enteral feeds for preterm or low birth weight infants

Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice

Early introduction of lipids to parenterally-fed preterm infants

Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants

Early trophic feeding versus enteral fasting for very preterm or very low birth weight infants

Early versus late administration of amino acids in preterm infants receiving parenteral nutrition

Early versus late intravenous nutrition in critically ill term and late preterm babies

Educational interventions for improving complementary feeding practices

Effect of restricted pacifier use on duration of breastfeeding in full-term infants

Effects of involving parents and other adult caregivers in children's diet and physical activity interventions

Effects of oral stimulation for oral feeding in preterm infants

Enteral iron supplementation in preterm and low birth weight infants

Exposure to the smell and taste of milk to accelerate feeding in preterm infants

Factors that influence the provision of postnatal care by health workers: a qualitative evidence synthesis (protocol stage)

Fasting for haemostasis in children with gastrointestinal bleeding

Feed thickener for infants up to six months of age with gastro-oesophageal reflux

Feeding by tube into the stomach or intestine versus feeding by mouth for children with cerebral palsy

Feeding interventions for growth and development in infants with cleft lip, cleft palate or cleft lip and palate

Fish oil-based lipid emulsions versus standard lipid emulsions for prevention of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in children (protocol stage)

Fish oil-based lipid emulsions versus standard lipid emulsions for treatment of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in children (protocol stage)

Fluid restriction as a treatment for preterm infants developing chronic lung disease

Giving additional fluid to newborn infants having phototherapy for serious jaundice

Improving the implementation of healthy eating, physical activity and obesity prevention policies, practices or programmes in childcare services

Improving the implementation of school-based policies and practices to improve student health

Individualized versus standard diet fortification for growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Instruments for assessing readiness to commence suck feeds in preterm infants

Integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) strategy for children younger than five years of age

Interventions in the workplace to support breastfeeding for women in employment

Iron treatment for adults and children with reduced kidney function

Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants

Maternal colostrum provided into the mouth of preterm babies to prevent complications and improve outcomes

Nasal versus oral route for placing feeding tubes in preterm or low birth weight infants

No evidence that delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds prevents necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Non-nutritive sucking for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in preterm and low birth weight infants

Non-nutritive sucking for increasing physiologic stability and nutrition in preterm infants

Nutrition for critically ill children in paediatric intensive care units

Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy

One, two or three times a week iron supplements for improving health and development among children under 12 years of age

Parenteral versus enteral fluid therapy for children hospitalised with bronchiolitis (protocol stage)

Patterns of breastfeeding, according to the baby or according to the clock

Percutaneous central venous catheters versus peripheral cannulae for delivery of parenteral nutrition in neonates

Preoperative fasting for children to prevent complications during surgery

Preoperative fasting for prevention of perioperative complications in children (protocol stage)

Push versus gravity for intermittent bolus gavage tube feeding of preterm and low birth weight infants

Re-feeding versus discarding gastric residuals to improve growth in preterm infants

Reintroducing a normal diet following acute diarrhoea

Responsive feeding versus scheduled feeding for preterm infants

Rooming-in for new mother and infant versus separate care for increasing duration of breastfeeding

Routine monitoring of stomach aspirates for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

Short versus long feeding interval for bolus feedings in very preterm infants

Slowly advancing milk feeds to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Stopping feeds for prevention of transfusion-associated necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

The impact of protein substitute on the nutrition status, growth, and neuropsychological performance of children and adults with phenylketonuria

Transpyloric versus gastric tube feeding for preterm infants

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing disease and death in children aged six months to five years

Diets & dietary patterns (29)

Calcium for improving bone mineral density in children

Diet changes for infant colic

Diet, physical activity, and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obesity in preschool children up to the age of 6 years

Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain in children

Do diet and physical activity strategies help prevent obesity in children (aged 0 to 18 years)?

Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in infants born preterm

Effect of cutting down the amount of fat on bodyweight in children

Healthy weight interventions for improving thinking skills and school performance in children and teenagers with obesity

Interventions for metabolic bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Low bacterial diet versus control diet to prevent infection in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy causing episodes of neutropenia

Medical and dietary interventions for preventing recurrent urinary stones in children

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) avoidance for chronic asthma in adults and children

Nutrition education to support weaning of term-born infants

Nutritional interventions for survivors of childhood cancer

Parent-only interventions for childhood overweight or obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years

Physical activity interventions and nutrition-based interventions for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (protocol stage)

Preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents

Programmes based in primary schools designed to help prevent tooth decay by changing children's behaviour

Protein restriction for children with chronic kidney disease

Specially formulated foods for treating children with moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries

Supplementary feeding for children aged three months to five years: does it work to improve their health and well-being?

The effect of removing or reducing lactose from milk in young children with acute diarrhoea

The impact of protein substitute on the nutrition status, growth, and neuropsychological performance of children and adults with phenylketonuria

Fluids (12)

Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children

Children with dehydration due to gastroenteritis need to be rehydrated, and this review did not show any important differences between giving fluids orally or intravenously

Different fluid therapy strategies for sepsis and septic shock

Fluid restriction as a treatment for preterm infants developing chronic lung disease

Food-based oral rehydration solution for acute diarrhoea

Giving additional fluid to newborn infants having phototherapy for serious jaundice

Giving less oral or intravenous fluid to newborn infants with breathing difficulty (transient tachypnea of the newborn)

Parenteral versus enteral fluid therapy for children hospitalised with bronchiolitis (protocol stage)

Reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution for treating dehydration caused by acute diarrhoea in children

Restricted versus liberal water intake for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Food groups (4)

Animal-source foods for growth and development in children 6 to 59 months of age

Interventions for increasing eating of fruit and vegetables in children aged five years and under

The use of oral protein calorie supplements in children with chronic disease

Fortified foods (8)

Fluoridated milk for preventing tooth decay

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency

Interventions for the prevention of nutritional rickets in term born children

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Powdered vitamins and minerals added to foods at the point-of-use reduces anaemia and iron deficiency in preschool- and school-age children

Providing folic acid to reduce arsenic toxicity in arsenic-exposed children and adults

Using a vitamin and mineral powder, mixed into complementary foods, to improve health and nutrition in children under two years of age

Macronutrient supplementation (74)

Adding arginine to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

Branched-chain amino acid supplementation for improving nutrition in term and preterm neonates

Carbohydrate supplementation of human milk to promote growth in preterm infants

Carnitine supplements for treating people with inborn errors of metabolism

Combined large neutral amino acid supplementation for phenylketonuria (PKU) (protocol stage)

Comparison of different protein concentrations of human milk fortifier for promoting growth and neurological development in preterm infants

Creatine for women in pregnancy for neuroprotection of the fetus

Cysteine, cystine or N-acetylcysteine supplementation in parenterally fed neonates

Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain in children

Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice

Early introduction of lipids to parenterally-fed preterm infants

Early versus late administration of amino acids in preterm infants receiving parenteral nutrition

Effect of lipid-based nutrient supplementation on infants and young children

Effect of taurine supplementation on growth and development in preterm or low birth weight infants

Enteral lactoferrin for the treatment of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates

Enteral lactoferrin supplementation for prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

Fat supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants

Glutamine supplementation for young infants with severe gastrointestinal disease

Glutamine supplementation to prevent morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

High versus low medium chain triglyceride content of formula for promoting short-term growth of preterm infants

Higher versus lower amino acid intake in parenteral nutrition for newborn infants

Increased energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) bronchopulmonary dysplasia/ chronic lung disease

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Lactoferrin for the post-operative management of term neonates after gastrointestinal surgery (protocol stage)

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infants born at term

Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in preterm infants

Multi-nutrient fortification of breast milk for preterm infants

Multicomponent fortification of human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Newer alternative fat emulsions versus the conventional pure soybean oil based fat emulsions for intravenous nutrition in preterm infants.

Nutrient-enriched formula milk versus human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Nutrient-enriched formula versus standard term formula for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy

Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for depression in children and adolescents (protocol stage)

Omega-3 fatty acids for autism spectrum disorders (ASD)

Oral dextrose gel for prevention of low blood glucose levels in newborn babies

Oral dextrose gel for treatment of newborn infants with low blood glucose levels

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infancy for the prevention of allergy

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplements for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for children with specific learning disorders

Protein restriction for children with chronic kidney disease

Protein supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants

Specially formulated foods for treating children with moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries

Sucrose for analgesia (pain relief) in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures

Supplementary feeding for children aged three months to five years: does it work to improve their health and well-being?

Supplementary feeding for groups of people that are food insecure, vulnerable and malnourished

Supplementary vitamin E, selenium, cysteine and riboflavin for preventing kwashiorkor in preschool children in developing countries

Systematic review of lipid emulsions for intravenous nutrition in preterm infants.

Systematic review of lipid emulsions for intravenous nutrition in term and late preterm infants.

The impact of protein substitute on the nutrition status, growth, and neuropsychological performance of children and adults with phenylketonuria

The use of oral protein calorie supplements in children with chronic disease

Treatments for intractable constipation in childhood (protocol stage)

Micronutrient supplementation (86)

Calcium for improving bone mineral density in children

Daily iron supplementation for prevention or treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in infants, children, and adolescents (protocol stage)

Does supplementation of human milk with calcium and phosphorus improve growth and development in preterm infants?

Effects of nutritional interventions to increase nutritional status in children living in urban slums in low- and middle-income countries

Effects of vitamin D on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under 5 years of age

Enteral iron supplementation in preterm and low birth weight infants

Enteral zinc supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm neonates

Fluoride supplements (tablets, drops, lozenges or chewing gums) for preventing tooth decay in children

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency

Giving iron supplements to improve outcomes in children with HIV/AIDS

Interventions for metabolic bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease

Interventions for the prevention of nutritional rickets in term born children

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Iodine supplementation for the prevention of mortality and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants

Iron supplementation for the treatment of breath-holding attacks in children

Iron supplements for children living in malaria-endemic countries

Iron treatment for adults and children with reduced kidney function

Is vitamin D an effective and safe addition to antibiotics to treat children with acute pneumonia?

Magnesium sulphate for treating children up to two years old with bronchiolitis

Micronutrient supplementation for children with HIV infection

Multi-nutrient fortification of breast milk for preterm infants

Multicomponent fortification of human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Multiple micronutrient supplementation for breastfeeding women for improving outcomes for the mother and her baby

Neonatal vitamin A supplementation for prevention of mortality and morbidity among term neonates in low and middle income countries

Nutrient-enriched formula milk versus human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Nutritional interventions for survivors of childhood cancer

Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy

One, two or three times a week iron supplements for improving health and development among children under 12 years of age

Oral zinc for the prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates

Oral zinc supplementation for treating diarrhoea in children

Powdered vitamins and minerals added to foods at the point-of-use reduces anaemia and iron deficiency in preschool- and school-age children

Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or who were born to an HIV-infected mother

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates

Prophylactic vitamin K for vitamin K deficiency bleeding in neonates

Providing folic acid to reduce arsenic toxicity in arsenic-exposed children and adults

Retinoic acid after intensive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation in people with high-risk neuroblastoma

Selenium supplementation to prevent short-term morbidity in preterm neonates

Supplementary feeding for children aged three months to five years: does it work to improve their health and well-being?

Supplementary vitamin E, selenium, cysteine and riboflavin for preventing kwashiorkor in preschool children in developing countries

To determine if higher of lower sodium intake in preterm infants prevents sodium imbalance and subsequent morbidity and mortality. (protocol stage)

Use of calcium during exchange blood transfusion for newborn infants

Using a vitamin and mineral powder, mixed into complementary foods, to improve health and nutrition in children under two years of age

Vitamin A for measles in children

Vitamin A for non-measles pneumonia in children

Vitamin A for preventing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children up to seven years of age

Vitamin A for preventing blindness in children with measles

Vitamin A supplementation for infants one to six months of age for preventing death and illnesses

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing disease and death in children aged six months to five years

Vitamin A supplementation for prevention of mortality and morbidity in moderate and late preterm infants (protocol stage)

Vitamin A supplementation to prevent deaths and short- and long-term illness in very low birth weight infants

Vitamin D for improving bone density in children

Vitamin D supplementation for preventing infections in children under five

Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of vitamin D deficiency in preterm and low birth weight infants (protocol stage)

Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health

Vitamin D supplementation in infancy for improving bone density (protocol stage)

Vitamin D, calcium or a combination of vitamin D and calcium for the treatment of nutritional rickets in children

Vitamin E supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Zinc supplementation as an adjunct to antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia in children two to 59 months of age

Zinc supplementation for improving the health and survival of infants less than six months old

Zinc supplementation for mental and motor development in children

Zinc supplementation for preventing death and disease, and for growth, in children aged six months to 12 years of age

Zinc supplementation for the prevention of pneumonia in children aged two to 59 months

Zinc supplementation for the treatment of measles in children

Zinc supplementation of parenteral nutrition in newborn infants (protocol stage)

Nutrition education, communication & support (38)

Breastfeeding education and support for women with multiple pregnancies

Diet changes for infant colic

Diet, physical activity and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obese adolescents aged 12 to 17 years

Diet, physical activity and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obese children from the age of 6 to 11 years

Diet, physical activity, and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obesity in preschool children up to the age of 6 years

Do diet and physical activity strategies help prevent obesity in children (aged 0 to 18 years)?

Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in infants born preterm

Educational interventions for improving complementary feeding practices

Effect of restricted pacifier use on duration of breastfeeding in full-term infants

Effects of involving parents and other adult caregivers in children's diet and physical activity interventions

Effects of nutritional interventions to increase nutritional status in children living in urban slums in low- and middle-income countries

Feeding interventions for growth and development in infants with cleft lip, cleft palate or cleft lip and palate

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of children aged six years and below (protocol stage)

Healthy weight interventions for improving thinking skills and school performance in children and teenagers with obesity

Improving the implementation of healthy eating, physical activity and obesity prevention policies, practices or programmes in childcare services

Improving the implementation of school-based policies and practices to improve student health

Integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) strategy for children younger than five years of age

Interventions for increasing eating of fruit and vegetables in children aged five years and under

Interventions for swallowing difficulty in children with neurological impairment

Interventions in the workplace to support breastfeeding for women in employment

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Interventions to support women who are overweight or obese to start and continue breastfeeding

Nutrition education to support weaning of term-born infants

Nutritional interventions for survivors of childhood cancer

Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding

Parent training programmes for managing infantile (baby) colic

Parent-only interventions for childhood overweight or obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years

Physical activity interventions and nutrition-based interventions for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (protocol stage)

Preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents

Programmes based in primary schools designed to help prevent tooth decay by changing children's behaviour

Reducing aflatoxin intake with agricultural and nutritional education to improve growth of infants and children in low- and middle-income countries

Policies & programmes (21)

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency

Growth monitoring in children

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of children aged six years and below (protocol stage)

Improving the implementation of healthy eating, physical activity and obesity prevention policies, practices or programmes in childcare services

Improving the implementation of school-based policies and practices to improve student health

Integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) strategy for children younger than five years of age

Interventions for increasing eating of fruit and vegetables in children aged five years and under

Newborn screening for homocystinuria

Providing extra food for children under five years of age in low and middle income countries

School feeding for improving the physical and psychosocial health of disadvantaged schoolchildren

Supplementary feeding for children aged three months to five years: does it work to improve their health and well-being?

Supplementary feeding for groups of people that are food insecure, vulnerable and malnourished

The effect of interventions to improve water quality and supply, provide sanitation and promote handwashing with soap on physical growth in children

The impact of growth monitoring and promotion on health indicators in children under five years of age in low- and middle-income countries (protocol stage)

The WHO Health Promoting School framework for improving the health and well-being of students and their academic achievement

Vitamin A for preventing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children up to seven years of age (protocol stage)

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing disease and death in children aged six months to five years

Single foods (2)

Honey and lozenges for children with non-specific cough

Therapeutic foods (6)

Effect of lipid-based nutrient supplementation on infants and young children

Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) as home-based treatment for severely malnourished children between six months and five years

Specially formulated foods for treating children with moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries

Supplementary feeding for groups of people that are food insecure, vulnerable and malnourished

Complementary medicine (3)

Complementary/alternative supplements (1)

Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy

Macronutrient supplementation (1)

D-mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (protocol stage)

Micronutrient supplementation (1)

Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy

Consumer & communication strategies (35)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (1)

Factors that influence women’s engagement with breastfeeding support: a qualitative evidence synthesis (protocol stage)

Delivery & implementation strategies (5)

Internet-based programmes for people with heart disease

mHealth-delivered education interventions in heart failure, using smartphone, tablet and internet-based programmes and apps

[Telephone interventions for providing education and psychosocial support to caregivers]

Diets & dietary patterns (1)

Individual patient education for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Food groups (2)

Impact of exposure to alcohol marketing and subsequent drinking patterns among youth and young adults (protocol stage)

Nutrition education, communication & support (20)

Can programmes on social media help people to improve their health?

Cutting back on sugar-sweetened beverages: What works?

Energy (calorie) labelling for healthier selection and consumption of food or alcohol (protocol stage)

Factors that influence women’s engagement with breastfeeding support: a qualitative evidence synthesis (protocol stage)

Individual patient education for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Interactive computer-based interventions for weight loss or weight maintenance in overweight or obese people

Internet-based programmes for people with heart disease

Interventions to enhance adherence to dietary advice for preventing and managing chronic diseases in adults

mHealth-delivered education interventions in heart failure, using smartphone, tablet and internet-based programmes and apps

Nutritional labelling to promote healthier consumption and purchasing of food or drinks

Targeted mass media interventions to encourage healthier behaviours in adult, ethnic minorities

Using computers to self-manage type 2 diabetes

[Telephone interventions for providing education and psychosocial support to caregivers]

Policies & programmes (6)

Cutting back on sugar-sweetened beverages: What works?

Energy (calorie) labelling for healthier selection and consumption of food or alcohol (protocol stage)

Nutritional labelling to promote healthier consumption and purchasing of food or drinks

Policy interventions implemented through sporting organisations to promote healthy behaviour change

Portion, package or tableware size for changing selection and consumption of food, alcohol and tobacco

Dentistry & oral health (17)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (0)

Complementary/alternative supplements (2)

Can xylitol used in products like sweets, candy, chewing gum and toothpaste help prevent tooth decay in children and adults?

Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome

Delivery & implementation strategies (2)

Feeding interventions for growth and development in infants with cleft lip, cleft palate or cleft lip and palate

Diets & dietary patterns (3)

Interventions to change diet in a dental care environment

Programmes based in primary schools designed to help prevent tooth decay by changing children's behaviour

Fluids (1)

Water fluoridation to prevent tooth decay

Fortified foods (2)

Fluoridated milk for preventing tooth decay

Micronutrient supplementation (3)

Fluoride supplementation (with tablets, drops, lozenges or chewing gum) in pregnant women for preventing dental caries in the primary teeth of their children

Fluoride supplements (tablets, drops, lozenges or chewing gums) for preventing tooth decay in children

Nutrition education, communication & support (3)

Feeding interventions for growth and development in infants with cleft lip, cleft palate or cleft lip and palate

Interventions to change diet in a dental care environment

Programmes based in primary schools designed to help prevent tooth decay by changing children's behaviour

Policies & programmes (1)

Water fluoridation to prevent tooth decay

Developmental, psychosocial & learning problems (88)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (2)

Diet changes for infant colic

Complementary/alternative supplements (5)

Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain in children

Is L-acetylcarnitine an effective treatment for fragile X syndrome?

Probiotics to prevent infantile colic

Complete nutritional formula (2)

Feeding by tube into the stomach or intestine versus feeding by mouth for children with cerebral palsy

Delivery & implementation strategies (5)

Educational interventions for improving complementary feeding practices

Effects of involving parents and other adult caregivers in children's diet and physical activity interventions

Feeding by tube into the stomach or intestine versus feeding by mouth for children with cerebral palsy

One, two or three times a week iron supplements for improving health and development among children under 12 years of age

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing disease and death in children aged six months to five years

Diets & dietary patterns (6)

Diet changes for infant colic

Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain in children

Healthy weight interventions for improving thinking skills and school performance in children and teenagers with obesity

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Specially formulated foods for treating children with moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries

Supplementary feeding for children aged three months to five years: does it work to improve their health and well-being?

Food groups (1)

Animal-source foods for growth and development in children 6 to 59 months of age

Fortified foods (6)

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Powdered vitamins and minerals added to foods at the point-of-use reduces anaemia and iron deficiency in preschool- and school-age children

Providing folic acid to reduce arsenic toxicity in arsenic-exposed children and adults

Using a vitamin and mineral powder, mixed into complementary foods, to improve health and nutrition in children under two years of age

Macronutrient supplementation (14)

Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain in children

Effect of lipid-based nutrient supplementation on infants and young children

Effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) for women during pregnancy

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Omega-3 fatty acids for autism spectrum disorders (ASD)

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplements for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for children with specific learning disorders

Specially formulated foods for treating children with moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries

Supplementary feeding for children aged three months to five years: does it work to improve their health and well-being?

Supplementary feeding for groups of people that are food insecure, vulnerable and malnourished

Supplementary vitamin E, selenium, cysteine and riboflavin for preventing kwashiorkor in preschool children in developing countries

Micronutrient supplementation (24)

Effects of vitamin D on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under 5 years of age

Folate supplementation in women of reproductive age (protocol stage)

Folic acid for fragile X syndrome

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Iron supplementation for the treatment of breath-holding attacks in children

Iron supplementation taken daily for improving health in menstruating women

Iron therapy for improving physical and intellectual development in children under the age of three who are anaemic due to a lack of iron

One, two or three times a week iron supplements for improving health and development among children under 12 years of age

Powdered vitamins and minerals added to foods at the point-of-use reduces anaemia and iron deficiency in preschool- and school-age children

Providing folic acid to reduce arsenic toxicity in arsenic-exposed children and adults

Supplementary feeding for children aged three months to five years: does it work to improve their health and well-being?

Supplementary vitamin E, selenium, cysteine and riboflavin for preventing kwashiorkor in preschool children in developing countries

Using a vitamin and mineral powder, mixed into complementary foods, to improve health and nutrition in children under two years of age

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing disease and death in children aged six months to five years

Vitamin B6 and magnesium in combination for children with autism spectrum disorder

Zinc supplementation for mental and motor development in children

Zinc supplementation for preventing death and disease, and for growth, in children aged six months to 12 years of age

Nutrition education, communication & support (10)

Diet changes for infant colic

Educational interventions for improving complementary feeding practices

Effects of involving parents and other adult caregivers in children's diet and physical activity interventions

Healthy weight interventions for improving thinking skills and school performance in children and teenagers with obesity

Interventions for swallowing difficulty in children with neurological impairment

Interventions throughout life for the prevention or treatment of anaemia

Parent training programmes for managing infantile (baby) colic

Policies & programmes (9)

Growth monitoring in children

Providing extra food for children under five years of age in low and middle income countries

School feeding for improving the physical and psychosocial health of disadvantaged schoolchildren

Supplementary feeding for children aged three months to five years: does it work to improve their health and well-being?

Supplementary feeding for groups of people that are food insecure, vulnerable and malnourished

The WHO Health Promoting School framework for improving the health and well-being of students and their academic achievement

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing disease and death in children aged six months to five years

Therapeutic foods (4)

Effect of lipid-based nutrient supplementation on infants and young children

Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) as home-based treatment for severely malnourished children between six months and five years

Specially formulated foods for treating children with moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries

Supplementary feeding for groups of people that are food insecure, vulnerable and malnourished

Diagnosis (6)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (2)

Screening newborn babies for galactosaemia

Nutrition education, communication & support (1)

How accurate are tests to measure the level of ferritin (a protein that stores iron) in the blood at diagnosing iron deficiency and overload?

Policies & programmes (3)

Customised versus population-based growth charts as a screening tool for detecting small for gestational age infants in low-risk pregnant women

Growth monitoring in children

Newborn screening for homocystinuria

Ear, nose & throat (24)

Complementary/alternative supplements (2)

Probiotics ('healthy bacteria') for preventing acute middle ear infection in children

Xylitol sugar supplement for preventing middle ear infection in children up to 12 years of age

Complete nutritional formula (5)

Artificial tube feeding methods for use with patients with head and neck cancer who are receiving treatment with radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both

Immunonutrition for patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer

Nutritional support for adults with swallowing difficulties

Use of treatments to dislodge soft foods stuck between the throat and the stomach to try to avoid the need for an endoscopy

Delivery & implementation strategies (5)

Artificial tube feeding methods for use with patients with head and neck cancer who are receiving treatment with radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both

Comparision of two techniques for the placement of a feeding tube to the stomach through the skin in an individual who has difficulty swallowing food

Nutritional support for adults with swallowing difficulties

Diets & dietary patterns (3)

Dietary changes in the treatment of Ménière's disease or syndrome

Lifestyle modification strategies for managing obstructive sleep apnoea

Micronutrient supplementation (7)

Interventions for the prevention of persistent smell disorders (olfactory dysfunction) after COVID-19 infection

Interventions for the treatment of persistent smell disorders (olfactory dysfunction) after COVID-19 infection

Zinc supplements for preventing middle ear infections

Zinc supplements for tinnitus

Nutrition education, communication & support (2)

Dietary changes in the treatment of Ménière's disease or syndrome

Interventions for swallowing difficulty in children with neurological impairment

Effective practice & health systems (32)

Delivery & implementation strategies (14)

Can strategies intended to improve how care is organised or delivered to people with overweight or obesity lead to greater weight reduction?

Dietary advice by dietitians to lower blood cholesterol can be more effective than advice by doctors, but may not be more effective than self-help resources.

Factors that influence the provision of postnatal care by health workers: a qualitative evidence synthesis (protocol stage)

Improving the implementation of healthy eating, physical activity and obesity prevention policies, practices or programmes in childcare services

Inpatient hospital care compared to outpatient or day care for people with eating disorders

Integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) strategy for children younger than five years of age

Interventions for the uptake of evidence-based recommendations in acute stroke settings (protocol stage)

Mobile health (m-health) smartphone interventions for overweight or obese adolescents and adults (protocol stage)

Supportive interventions for improving dietary intake in nutritionally vulnerable groups

Fortified foods (1)

Supportive interventions for improving dietary intake in nutritionally vulnerable groups

Macronutrient supplementation (1)

Supportive interventions for improving dietary intake in nutritionally vulnerable groups

Nutrition education, communication & support (9)

Can strategies intended to improve how care is organised or delivered to people with overweight or obesity lead to greater weight reduction?

Dietary advice by dietitians to lower blood cholesterol can be more effective than advice by doctors, but may not be more effective than self-help resources.

Health system and community level interventions for improving antenatal care coverage and health outcomes

Improving the implementation of healthy eating, physical activity and obesity prevention policies, practices or programmes in childcare services

Integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) strategy for children younger than five years of age

Interventions to enhance adherence to dietary advice for preventing and managing chronic diseases in adults

Nutritional screening for improving patient care and professional practice

Policies & programmes (7)

Experiences of conditional and unconditional cash transfers intended for improving health outcomes and health service use: a qualitative evidence synthesis (protocol stage)

Health system and community level interventions for improving antenatal care coverage and health outcomes

Improving the implementation of healthy eating, physical activity and obesity prevention policies, practices or programmes in childcare services

Integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) strategy for children younger than five years of age

Nutritional screening for improving patient care and professional practice

Unconditional cash transfers in disasters: effect on use of health services and health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries

Endocrine & metabolic (235)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (1)

Breast milk expression during pregnancy by women with diabetes for improving infant outcomes

Complementary/alternative supplements (19)

Acetyl-L-carnitine for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy

Chitosan for overweight or obesity

Cinnamon for diabetes mellitus

Does taking a supplement of myo-inositol work as an effective treatment for women who develop diabetes during pregnancy?

Interventions to prevent women from developing diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Isoflavones for hypercholesterolaemia

Momordica charantia for type 2 diabetes mellitus

No evidence to support or refute probiotics for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or steatohepatitis

Probiotics to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus

Resveratrol for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Taking myo-inositol as a dietary supplement during pregnancy to prevent the development of gestational diabetes

Treatments to improve pregnancy outcomes for women who develop diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Complete nutritional formula (1)

Dietary supplements for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes

Delivery & implementation strategies (12)

Breast milk expression during pregnancy by women with diabetes for improving infant outcomes

Can strategies intended to improve how care is organised or delivered to people with overweight or obesity lead to greater weight reduction?

Diet, physical activity, and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obesity in preschool children up to the age of 6 years

Dietary supplements for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes

Mobile health (m-health) smartphone interventions for overweight or obese adolescents and adults (protocol stage)

Oral vitamin B12 compared with intramuscular vitamin B12 for vitamin B12 deficiency

Supportive interventions for improving dietary intake in nutritionally vulnerable groups

The effects of iron supplementation on iron deficiency and deferral in blood donors

The impact of protein substitute on the nutrition status, growth, and neuropsychological performance of children and adults with phenylketonuria

Diets & dietary patterns (70)

Adding the amino acid tyrosine to the diet of people with phenylketonuria

Are changes to diet effective to manage mineral and bone abnormalities in people with chronic kidney disease?

Behaviour changes for dietary and physical exercise modification in overweight and obese adults

Behavioural interventions for reducing weight gain in schizophrenia (protocol stage)

Calcium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults

Calcium supplementation for weight reduction in overweight or obese people (protocol stage)

Combined calcium, magnesium and potassium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults

Controlling blood glucose in treating diabetic foot ulcers (sores)

Diet and exercise interventions for preventing excessive weight gain during pregnancy

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk

Diet, physical activity, and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obesity in preschool children up to the age of 6 years

Dietary advice during pregnancy to prevent gestational diabetes

Dietary advice for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults

Dietary interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria

Dietary supplements for treating foot ulcers in people with diabetes

Do pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies reduce weight in obese women with subfertility?

Do weight loss programs have beneficial effects on asthma outcomes in people with asthma?

Does altering dietary salt intake aid in the prevention and treatment of diabetic kidney disease?

Effect of the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus on the development of cognitive impairment and dementia

Enhanced glucose control for preventing and treating diabetic neuropathy

Glucose-lowering agents for treating pre-existing and new-onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients

Individual patient education for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Interventions for metabolic bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease

Interventions for the management of obesity in people with bipolar disorder (protocol stage)

Interventions to improve insulin resistance for the prevention of endometrial cancer (protocol stage)

Interventions to prevent women from developing diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Interventions to reduce weight gain in schizophrenia

Lifestyle interventions for treating women with gestational diabetes (or diabetes in pregnancy)

Long-term non-pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with prediabetes

Long-term non-pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Low carbohydrate versus balanced carbohydrate diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk (protocol stage)

Low glycaemic index diets for cardiovascular disease

Low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets for overweight and obesity

Low glycaemic index, or low glycaemic load, diets for diabetes mellitus

Low-fat diets for acquired hypercholesterolaemia

Management of pregnant women with borderline gestational diabetes mellitus

Oral magnesium supplementation for high blood pressure in adults

Oral potassium supplementation for high blood pressure in adults

Parent-only interventions for childhood overweight or obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years

Physical activity interventions and nutrition-based interventions for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (protocol stage)

Protein restriction for diabetic kidney disease (protocol stage)

Protein restriction for diabetic renal disease

The effect of a healthy lifestyle for women with polycystic ovary syndrome

The effect of a low salt diet on blood pressure and some hormones and lipids in people with normal and elevated blood pressure

The impact of protein substitute on the nutrition status, growth, and neuropsychological performance of children and adults with phenylketonuria

Treatments for gestational diabetes

Treatments to improve pregnancy outcomes for women who develop diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Using diet to manage phenylketonuria

Vegan diet for adults with overweight or obesity (protocol stage)

Weight loss intervention through lifestyle modification or pharmacotherapy for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults (protocol stage)

Weight loss interventions for people with chronic kidney disease who are overweight or obese

Weight loss programmes for overweight and obese breast cancer survivors: what are their benefits and harms, and do they help survivors to live longer?

Weight reduction for primary prevention of stroke in adults with overweight or obesity

Whole grain foods for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Food groups (2)

Green tea for weight loss and weight maintenance in overweight or obese adults

Fortified foods (5)

Interventions for the prevention of nutritional rickets in term born children

Iodised salt for preventing iodine deficiency disorders

Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition

Supportive interventions for improving dietary intake in nutritionally vulnerable groups

The effects of iron supplementation on iron deficiency and deferral in blood donors

Macronutrient supplementation (19)

Adding the amino acid tyrosine to the diet of people with phenylketonuria

Carnitine supplements for treating people with inborn errors of metabolism

Combined large neutral amino acid supplementation for phenylketonuria (PKU) (protocol stage)

Creatine for Parkinson's disease

Drug and nutritional treatment for McArdle disease

Effectiveness of creatine analogues in cardiac disease

Human growth hormone and glutamine for patients with short bowel syndrome

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Oral dextrose gel for prevention of low blood glucose levels in newborn babies

Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition

Supportive interventions for improving dietary intake in nutritionally vulnerable groups

The impact of protein substitute on the nutrition status, growth, and neuropsychological performance of children and adults with phenylketonuria

Using diet to manage phenylketonuria

Micronutrient supplementation (51)

Calcium and vitamin D for treating osteoporosis caused by the use of steroids

Calcium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults

Calcium supplementation for weight reduction in overweight or obese people (protocol stage)

Calcium, vitamin D or recombinant parathyroid hormone for managing post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism

Chromium picolinate supplementation for overweight or obese people

Combined calcium, magnesium and potassium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults

Daily iron supplementation for prevention or treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in infants, children, and adolescents (protocol stage)

Do pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies reduce weight in obese women with subfertility?

Drug and nutritional treatment for McArdle disease

Homocysteine-lowering interventions (B-complex vitamin therapy) for preventing cardiovascular events

Interventions for lowering plasma homocysteine levels in dialysis patients

Interventions for metabolic bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease

Interventions for the prevention of nutritional rickets in term born children

Interventions to prevent women from developing diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Iodised salt for preventing iodine deficiency disorders

Iron for the treatment of restless legs syndrome

No evidence to support or refute antioxidant supplements for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or steatohepatitis

Oral magnesium supplementation for high blood pressure in adults

Oral potassium supplementation for high blood pressure in adults

Parenteral calcium for intensive care unit patients

Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition

The effects of iron supplementation on iron deficiency and deferral in blood donors

The use of regular vitamin A or vitamin A-like preparations for children and adults with cystic fibrosis

Vitamin B and its derivatives for diabetic kidney disease

Vitamin B for treating disorders of the peripheral nerves

Vitamin C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) for diabetic retinopathy

Vitamin D and related vitamin D compounds for preventing fractures resulting from osteoporosis in older people

Vitamin D compounds for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis

Vitamin D supplementation for chronic liver diseases

Vitamin D supplementation for obese adults undergoing bariatric surgery (protocol stage)

Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of cancer in adults

Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults

Vitamin D with or without calcium for treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women (protocol stage)

Vitamin D, calcium or a combination of vitamin D and calcium for the treatment of nutritional rickets in children

Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis

Zinc supplementation for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus

[ Calcium and vitamin D for increasing bone mineral density in pre-menopausal women] (protocol stage)

Nutrition education, communication & support (46)

Behaviour changes for dietary and physical exercise modification in overweight and obese adults

Behavioural interventions for reducing weight gain in schizophrenia (protocol stage)

Can strategies intended to improve how care is organised or delivered to people with overweight or obesity lead to greater weight reduction?

Care prior to the next pregnancy for women diagnosed with gestational diabetes

Combined diet and exercise in pregnancy for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus

Diet and exercise interventions for preventing excessive weight gain during pregnancy

Diet, physical activity and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obese adolescents aged 12 to 17 years

Diet, physical activity and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obese children from the age of 6 to 11 years

Diet, physical activity, and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obesity in preschool children up to the age of 6 years

Dietary advice during pregnancy to prevent gestational diabetes

Dietary advice for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults

Different types of dietary advice for women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Do pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies reduce weight in obese women with subfertility?

Do weight loss programs have beneficial effects on asthma outcomes in people with asthma?

Effect of the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus on the development of cognitive impairment and dementia

Glucose-lowering agents for treating pre-existing and new-onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients

Individual patient education for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Interactive computer-based interventions for weight loss or weight maintenance in overweight or obese people

Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation

Interventions for the management of obesity in people with bipolar disorder (protocol stage)

Interventions to reduce weight gain in schizophrenia

Lifestyle interventions for treating women with gestational diabetes (or diabetes in pregnancy)

Long-term non-pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with prediabetes

Long-term non-pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Low glycaemic index diets for cardiovascular disease

Management of pregnant women with borderline gestational diabetes mellitus

Parent-only interventions for childhood overweight or obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years

Physical activity interventions and nutrition-based interventions for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (protocol stage)

Preconception health programs and interventions for women who are overweight or obese to improve pregnancy outcomes for the woman and her infant

Screening women for gestational diabetes in pregnancy based on whether they are considered at risk, and in different settings

Self management interventions for type 2 diabetes in adults with severe mental illness

The effect of a healthy lifestyle for women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Treatments for gestational diabetes

Treatments to improve pregnancy outcomes for women who develop diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Using computers to self-manage type 2 diabetes

Weight loss interventions for people with chronic kidney disease who are overweight or obese

Weight reduction for primary prevention of stroke in adults with overweight or obesity

Weight-loss interventions in endometrial cancer survivors

Policies & programmes (7)

Does a tax on the fat content of foods reduce obesity and help people to eat less fat and less saturated fat?

Does taxation of unprocessed sugar or foods with added sugar reduce their consumption and prevent obesity or other adverse health outcomes?

Screening women for gestational diabetes in pregnancy based on whether they are considered at risk, and in different settings

Taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages for reducing their consumption and preventing obesity or other adverse health outcomes (protocol stage)

Single foods (2)

Sweet potato for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Eyes & vision (16)

Delivery & implementation strategies (2)

Omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements for dry eye disease

Diets & dietary patterns (1)

Omega 3 fatty acids for preventing and slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration

Macronutrient supplementation (4)

Omega 3 fatty acids for preventing and slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration

Omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements for dry eye disease

Use of vitamin A and fish oils for retinitis pigmentosa

Micronutrient supplementation (9)

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements to prevent the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements to slow down the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

Antioxidant vitamins for preventing and slowing the progression of age-related cataract

Use of vitamin A and fish oils for retinitis pigmentosa

Vitamin A for preventing blindness in children with measles

Vitamin C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) for diabetic retinopathy

Gastroenterology (117)

Complementary/alternative supplements (20)

Do probiotics help to treat acute infectious diarrhoea?

Interventions for treating constipation in pregnancy

Live micro-organisms for prevention or treatment of diarrhoea in people with cancer who are treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy

Probiotics as adjunctive therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection (protocol stage)

Probiotics for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease

Probiotics for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis

Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children

Probiotics for the treatment of active Crohn's disease

Probiotics for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis

Probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome in children (protocol stage)

Probiotics for treatment of chronic constipation in children (protocol stage)

Probiotics for treatment of Clostridium difficile -associated colitis in adults

The use of probiotics to prevent Clostridium difficile diarrhea associated with antibiotic use

Complete nutritional formula (16)

Do nutritional interventions reduce gastrointestinal toxicity in adults undergoing radical pelvic radiotherapy?

Enhanced recovery protocols in people undergoing major surgeries of food pipe (oesophagus), stomach, liver and pancreas

Enteral nutrition (liquid feeds) for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease

Enteral nutritional therapy for treatment of active Crohn's disease

Interventions for growth failure in childhood Crohn's disease

Nutritional supplementation in enteral and parenteral nutrition for people with acute pancreatitis (protocol stage)

Nutritional support for adults with swallowing difficulties

Pre-operative Nutrition in Patients Undergoing Surgery on the Digestive System

The effect of having nutrition within the first 24 hours after bowel surgery on length of hospital stay and postoperative complications

Tube feeding in patients with acute pancreatitis

Use of treatments to dislodge soft foods stuck between the throat and the stomach to try to avoid the need for an endoscopy

Delivery & implementation strategies (22)

Comparision of two techniques for the placement of a feeding tube to the stomach through the skin in an individual who has difficulty swallowing food

Continuous versus intermittent bolus feeding for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

Early versus delayed feeding for reducing complications after gynaecologic surgery

Enteral nutrition (liquid feeds) for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease

Enteral nutritional therapy for treatment of active Crohn's disease

Fasting for haemostasis in children with gastrointestinal bleeding

Feed thickener for infants up to six months of age with gastro-oesophageal reflux

Fluid therapy protocols in people with acute pancreatitis (protocol stage)

Nasogastric tubes versus nasojejunal tube for feeding people with severe acute pancreatitis

Nutritional support for adults with swallowing difficulties

Nutritional support, through the intestine (enteral) versus by injection (parenteral) for people with acute pancreatitis

Oral rehydration salt solutions for treating cholera: lower salt content versus higher salt content solutions

Routine monitoring of stomach aspirates for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

Stopping feeds for prevention of transfusion-associated necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

The effect of having nutrition within the first 24 hours after bowel surgery on length of hospital stay and postoperative complications

Vitamin D for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (protocol stage)

Diets & dietary patterns (10)

Antacids and lifestyle advice for reflux oesophagitis and Endoscopy Negative Reflux Disease (protocol stage)

Diets for inducing and maintaining remission in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Do nutritional interventions reduce gastrointestinal toxicity in adults undergoing radical pelvic radiotherapy?

Interventions for treating constipation in pregnancy

Interventions to reduce digestive side effects of pelvic x-ray treatment

Medical treatments for eosinophilic esophagitis (a chronic disease associated with increased numbers of eosinophils in the esophagus and symptoms of esophagitis)

Pre-operative Nutrition in Patients Undergoing Surgery on the Digestive System

Fluids (5)

Fluid therapy protocols in people with acute pancreatitis (protocol stage)

Food-based oral rehydration solution for acute diarrhoea

Oral rehydration salt solutions for treating cholera: lower salt content versus higher salt content solutions

Macronutrient supplementation (23)

Adding arginine to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

Antioxidants for acute pancreatitis (protocol stage)

Do nutritional interventions reduce gastrointestinal toxicity in adults undergoing radical pelvic radiotherapy?

Does dietary fibre prevent the recurrence of colorectal adenomas and carcinomas?

Fiber and bulking agents for the treatment of chronic constipation (protocol stage)

Fish oil for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis

Glutamine for treatment of active Crohn's disease

Human growth hormone and glutamine for patients with short bowel syndrome

Interventions for treating constipation in pregnancy

Nutritional supplementation in enteral and parenteral nutrition for people with acute pancreatitis (protocol stage)

Omega 3 fatty acids (fish oil) for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease

Omega 3 fatty acids for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis

Treatments for intractable constipation in childhood (protocol stage)

Micronutrient supplementation (13)

Antioxidants for acute pancreatitis (protocol stage)

Antioxidants to reduce pain in chronic pancreatitis

Chinese herbal medicine alone or combined with vitamins for gastric precancerous lesions (protocol stage)

Daily intake of 1 gr dietary calcium may have moderate protective effect on development of colorectal adenomatous polyps

Do nutritional interventions reduce gastrointestinal toxicity in adults undergoing radical pelvic radiotherapy?

Interventions to reduce digestive side effects of pelvic x-ray treatment

Vitamin D for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (protocol stage)

Vitamin D supplementation for obese adults undergoing bariatric surgery (protocol stage)

Vitamin K for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people with acute or chronic liver diseases

Nutrition education, communication & support (6)

Do nutritional interventions reduce gastrointestinal toxicity in adults undergoing radical pelvic radiotherapy?

Interventions for heartburn in pregnancy

Interventions for preventing constipation after giving birth

Patient education interventions for the management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (protocol stage)

Policies & programmes (2)

Does chewing gum after a caesarean section lead to quicker recovery of bowel function?

Gastroenterology (30)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (3)

No evidence that delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds prevents necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Slowly advancing milk feeds to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Complementary/alternative supplements (10)

Chinese herbal medicine alone or combined with vitamins for gastric precancerous lesions (protocol stage)

Dietary flavonoid for preventing colorectal neoplasms

Essential phospholipids for people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (protocol stage)

Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in Crohn's disease (protocol stage)

Probiotics for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birthweight infants

Therapies for treating pain in ulcerative colitis

Complete nutritional formula (3)

Nutritional support, through the intestine (enteral) versus by injection (parenteral) for people with acute pancreatitis

Periodic measurement of the containment volume of the stomach during tube feeding

Delivery & implementation strategies (6)

Home parenteral nutrition for people with bowel obstruction caused by cancer

No evidence that delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds prevents necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Non-nutritive sucking for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in preterm and low birth weight infants

Periodic measurement of the containment volume of the stomach during tube feeding

Slowly advancing milk feeds to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Therapies for treating iron deficiency anaemia in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis

Diets & dietary patterns (4)

Dietary flavonoid for preventing colorectal neoplasms

Interventions for heartburn in pregnancy

Interventions for the management of abdominal pain in Crohn's disease (protocol stage)

Therapies for treating pain in ulcerative colitis

Macronutrient supplementation (2)

Glutamine supplementation for young infants with severe gastrointestinal disease

Lactoferrin for the post-operative management of term neonates after gastrointestinal surgery (protocol stage)

Micronutrient supplementation (2)

Antioxidant supplements cannot be recommended for gastrointestinal cancer prevention

Therapies for treating iron deficiency anaemia in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis

Nutrition education, communication & support (0)

Genetic disorders (57)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (1)

Screening newborn babies for galactosaemia

Complementary/alternative supplements (3)

Is L-acetylcarnitine an effective treatment for fragile X syndrome?

Probiotics for people with cystic fibrosis

Treatments for leg ulcers in people with sickle cell disease

Complete nutritional formula (3)

Treatment for swallowing difficulties in hereditary ataxia

Tube feeding (mainly via the nose into the stomach or directly into the stomach) in people with cystic fibrosis

Delivery & implementation strategies (6)

Approaches for helping children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis to take part in decisions about their healthcare

The impact of protein substitute on the nutrition status, growth, and neuropsychological performance of children and adults with phenylketonuria

Treatment for swallowing difficulties in hereditary ataxia

Tube feeding (mainly via the nose into the stomach or directly into the stomach) in people with cystic fibrosis

Diets & dietary patterns (7)

Adding the amino acid tyrosine to the diet of people with phenylketonuria

Advice on diet for malnutrition as a result of disease in adults

Dietary modifications for managing familial hypercholesterolaemia

Folate supplementation in people with sickle cell disease

The impact of protein substitute on the nutrition status, growth, and neuropsychological performance of children and adults with phenylketonuria

Using diet to manage phenylketonuria

Food groups (3)

Dietary modifications for managing familial hypercholesterolaemia

The use of oral protein calorie supplements in children with chronic disease

Macronutrient supplementation (13)

Adding the amino acid tyrosine to the diet of people with phenylketonuria

Advice on diet for malnutrition as a result of disease in adults

Carnitine supplements for treating people with inborn errors of metabolism

Combined large neutral amino acid supplementation for phenylketonuria (PKU) (protocol stage)

Creatine for treating muscle disorders

Dietary modifications for managing familial hypercholesterolaemia

How do vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, selenium and glutathione affect lung disease in people with cystic fibrosis?

The impact of protein substitute on the nutrition status, growth, and neuropsychological performance of children and adults with phenylketonuria

The use of omega-3 supplements in people with cystic fibrosis

The use of oral protein calorie supplements in children with chronic disease

Use of oral supplements to increase calorie intake in people with cystic fibrosis

Using diet to manage phenylketonuria

Micronutrient supplementation (17)

Antioxidant supplementation for sickle cell disease (protocol stage)

Folate supplementation in people with sickle cell disease

Folic acid for fragile X syndrome

How do vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, selenium and glutathione affect lung disease in people with cystic fibrosis?

Magnesium for treating sickle cell disease

The use of regular vitamin A or vitamin A-like preparations for children and adults with cystic fibrosis

The use of regular vitamin D preparations for children and adults with cystic fibrosis

Treatments for leg ulcers in people with sickle cell disease

Vitamin D supplementation for sickle cell disease

Vitamin E supplementation in people with cystic fibrosis

Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis

Zinc supplements for thalassaemia and sickle cell disease

Nutrition education, communication & support (2)

Advice on diet for malnutrition as a result of disease in adults

Policies & programmes (2)

Newborn screening for homocystinuria

Gynaecology (31)

Complementary/alternative supplements (6)

Dietary supplements for pain during menstruation

Inositol for women with a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome and subfertility

Phytoestrogens for vasomotor menopausal symptoms

Probiotics for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis

Probiotics for vulvovaginal candidiasis in non-pregnant women

Delivery & implementation strategies (6)

Early versus delayed feeding for reducing complications after gynaecologic surgery

Inositol for women with a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome and subfertility

Iron supplements taken one, two or three times a week for preventing anaemia, and its consequences in menstruating women

Metabolomics for improving pregnancy outcomes

Diets & dietary patterns (5)

Do pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies reduce weight in obese women with subfertility?

Does preconception lifestyle advice help people with infertility to have a baby?

Interventions to improve insulin resistance for the prevention of endometrial cancer (protocol stage)

The effect of a healthy lifestyle for women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Macronutrient supplementation (1)

Dietary supplements for pain during menstruation

Micronutrient supplementation (10)

Antioxidants for male subfertility

Dietary supplements for pain during menstruation

Do pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies reduce weight in obese women with subfertility?

Interventions for vaginal bleeding irregularities with contraceptive implant (protocol stage)

Iron supplementation taken daily for improving health in menstruating women

Iron supplements taken one, two or three times a week for preventing anaemia, and its consequences in menstruating women

Vitamins and minerals for subfertility in women

Nutrition education, communication & support (3)

Do pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies reduce weight in obese women with subfertility?

Does preconception lifestyle advice help people with infertility to have a baby?

The effect of a healthy lifestyle for women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Health & safety at work (3)

Complementary/alternative supplements (1)

Caffeine for preventing injuries and errors in shift workers

Food groups (1)

Caffeine for preventing injuries and errors in shift workers

Policies & programmes (1)

Financial incentives for decreasing and preventing obesity in workers (protocol stage)

Heart & circulation (192)

Complementary/alternative supplements (20)

Co-enzyme Q10 supplementation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease

Coenzyme Q10 for heart failure

Coenzyme Q10 for High Blood Pressure

Effect of cocoa on blood pressure

Flavonoids for treating venous leg ulcers

Garlic for Hypertension

Garlic for peripheral arterial occlusive disease affecting the legs

Green and black tea to prevent cardiovascular disease

Isoflavones for hypercholesterolaemia

Phytoestrogens for vasomotor menopausal symptoms

Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for solid organ transplant recipients (protocol stage)

Delivery & implementation strategies (8)

Dietary advice by dietitians to lower blood cholesterol can be more effective than advice by doctors, but may not be more effective than self-help resources.

Extra calcium in tablets before pregnancy, or in early pregnancy, for preventing high blood pressure complications of pregnancy

Fluids for people with stroke

Internet-based programmes for people with heart disease

Interventions for the uptake of evidence-based recommendations in acute stroke settings (protocol stage)

mHealth-delivered education interventions in heart failure, using smartphone, tablet and internet-based programmes and apps

Swallowing therapy for difficulties with swallowing in stroke survivors who have had a recent stroke

Diets & dietary patterns (60)

Altered dietary salt intake for adults with chronic kidney disease

Calcium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults

Combined calcium, magnesium and potassium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults

Cutting down or changing the fat we eat may reduce our risk of heart disease

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (protocol stage)

Dietary fibre to prevent cardiovascular disease

Do diet and physical activity strategies help prevent obesity in children (aged 0 to 18 years)?

Do weight-loss diets affect blood pressure, and reduce the effects of high blood pressure (hypertension)?

Does limiting the times you eat (intermittent fasting) prevent cardiovascular disease?

Effect of cutting down on the saturated fat we eat on our risk of heart disease

Effect of cutting down the amount of fat on bodyweight in children

Effect of cutting down the fat we eat on body weight

Effects of a gluten-reduced or gluten-free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (protocol stage)

High versus low added sugar consumption for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (protocol stage)

Increased fruit and vegetable intake to prevent cardiovascular disease

Interventions in the management of serum lipids for preventing stroke recurrence

Lipid-lowering for peripheral arterial disease of the lower limb

Long-term non-pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with prediabetes

Low carbohydrate versus balanced carbohydrate diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk (protocol stage)

Low glycaemic index diets for cardiovascular disease

Low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets for overweight and obesity

Low glycaemic index, or low glycaemic load, diets for diabetes mellitus

Low-fat diets for acquired hypercholesterolaemia

Marine-derived fatty acid therapy for stroke

Mediterranean-style diet for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Modest salt reduction lowers blood pressure in all ethnic groups at all levels of blood pressure without adverse consequences

Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for intermittent claudication

Omega-3 intake for cardiovascular disease

Omega-6 fats to prevent and treat heart and circulatory diseases

Oral magnesium supplementation for high blood pressure in adults

Oral potassium supplementation for high blood pressure in adults

Polyunsaturated fatty acids for prevention and treatment of diseases of the heart and circulation

Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Reduced salt intake compared to normal dietary salt, or high intake, in pregnancy

The effect of a low salt diet on blood pressure and some hormones and lipids in people with normal and elevated blood pressure

The long term effects of advice to cut down on salt in food on deaths, cardiovascular disease and blood pressure in adults

Vegan diets for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Weight reduction for primary prevention of stroke in adults with overweight or obesity

Whole grain cereals for cardiovascular disease

Fluids (1)

Fluids for people with stroke

Food groups (5)

Eating nuts to prevent cardiovascular disease

Fermented milk for hypertension

Green and black tea to prevent cardiovascular disease

Interventions for increasing eating of fruit and vegetables in children aged five years and under

Fortified foods (2)

Extra calcium in tablets before pregnancy, or in early pregnancy, for preventing high blood pressure complications of pregnancy

Extra calcium to prevent high blood pressure

Macronutrient supplementation (22)

Alpha-lipoic acid for hypertension in adults (protocol stage)

Dietary fibre to prevent cardiovascular disease

Effect of cutting down on the saturated fat we eat on our risk of heart disease

Effectiveness of creatine analogues in cardiac disease

Fermented milk for hypertension

Fish oil for kidney transplant recipients

Fish oil for preventing blockage of haemodialysis vascular access in patients with kidney failure

Interventions in the management of serum lipids for preventing stroke recurrence

Marine-derived fatty acid therapy for stroke

Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for intermittent claudication

Omega-3 intake for cardiovascular disease

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Omega-6 fats to prevent and treat heart and circulatory diseases

Polyunsaturated fatty acids for prevention and treatment of diseases of the heart and circulation

Whole grain cereals for cardiovascular disease

Micronutrient supplementation (24)

Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for preventing blood pressure disorders and related problems

Calcium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults

Combined calcium, magnesium and potassium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults

Extra calcium in tablets before pregnancy, or in early pregnancy, for preventing high blood pressure complications of pregnancy

Extra calcium to prevent high blood pressure

Homocysteine lowering interventions for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and bypass grafts

Homocysteine-lowering interventions (B-complex vitamin therapy) for preventing cardiovascular events

Interventions for lowering plasma homocysteine levels in kidney transplant recipients

Niacin for people with or without established cardiovascular disease

Oral magnesium supplementation for high blood pressure in adults

Oral potassium supplementation for high blood pressure in adults

Oral zinc supplements for treating leg ulcers

Selenium supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

The addition of vitamin K to improve anticoagulation stability for patients starting or already on warfarin

Vitamin C supplementation to prevent cardiovascular disease

Vitamin E for intermittent claudication

Vitamin K supplementation to prevent cardiovascular disease

Nutrition education, communication & support (42)

Alcohol intake reduction for controlling hypertension

Concurrent health promotion interventions for preventing cardiovascular disease in low- and middle income countries ("resource-limited settings")

Cutting down or changing the fat we eat may reduce our risk of heart disease

Dietary advice by dietitians to lower blood cholesterol can be more effective than advice by doctors, but may not be more effective than self-help resources.

Dietary advice for reducing cardiovascular risk

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (protocol stage)

Do diet and physical activity strategies help prevent obesity in children (aged 0 to 18 years)?

Do weight-loss diets affect blood pressure, and reduce the effects of high blood pressure (hypertension)?

Eating nuts to prevent cardiovascular disease

Effect of cutting down on the saturated fat we eat on our risk of heart disease

Effect of cutting down the fat we eat on body weight

Effects of a gluten-reduced or gluten-free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (protocol stage)

Increased fruit and vegetable intake to prevent cardiovascular disease

Internet-based programmes for people with heart disease

Interventions for increasing eating of fruit and vegetables in children aged five years and under

Long-term non-pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with prediabetes

Low glycaemic index diets for cardiovascular disease

Mediterranean-style diet for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

mHealth-delivered education interventions in heart failure, using smartphone, tablet and internet-based programmes and apps

Multiple risk factor interventions for coronary heart disease

National government initiatives to reduce salt intake in populations

Omega-3 intake for cardiovascular disease

Omega-6 fats to prevent and treat heart and circulatory diseases

Polyunsaturated fatty acids for prevention and treatment of diseases of the heart and circulation

Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Reduced salt intake compared to normal dietary salt, or high intake, in pregnancy

Self management programmes for people living with the long-term effects of stroke

The long term effects of advice to cut down on salt in food on deaths, cardiovascular disease and blood pressure in adults

Weight reduction for primary prevention of stroke in adults with overweight or obesity

Policies & programmes (3)

Concurrent health promotion interventions for preventing cardiovascular disease in low- and middle income countries ("resource-limited settings")

Interventions for increasing eating of fruit and vegetables in children aged five years and under

National government initiatives to reduce salt intake in populations

Single foods (5)

Alcohol has a biphasic effect on blood pressure and increases heart rate

Effect of cocoa on blood pressure

Interaction of calcium channel blockers and grapefruit juice in healthy adults (protocol stage)

Hepatology (65)

Complementary/alternative supplements (6)

Acetyl-L-carnitine for patients with hepatic encephalopathy

No evidence to support or refute probiotics for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or steatohepatitis

Nutritional supplementation for people with non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease

Probiotics for people with hepatic encephalopathy

Complete nutritional formula (11)

Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice

Enhanced recovery protocols in people undergoing major surgeries of food pipe (oesophagus), stomach, liver and pancreas

Feeding support in hospitalised adults at risk of undernourishment

Nutritional interventions for liver transplanted patients

Nutritional supplementation in enteral and parenteral nutrition for people with acute pancreatitis (protocol stage)

Nutritional support for patients with liver disease

Nutritional support, through the intestine (enteral) versus by injection (parenteral) for people with acute pancreatitis

Delivery & implementation strategies (7)

Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice

Fish oil-based lipid emulsions versus standard lipid emulsions for prevention of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in children (protocol stage)

Fish oil-based lipid emulsions versus standard lipid emulsions for treatment of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in children (protocol stage)

Fluid therapy protocols in people with acute pancreatitis (protocol stage)

Nutritional interventions for liver transplanted patients

Nutritional support, through the intestine (enteral) versus by injection (parenteral) for people with acute pancreatitis

Diets & dietary patterns (7)

Diets for primary prevention of gallbladder stones in adults (protocol stage)

Lifestyle modifications for people with nonalcohol-related fatty liver disease

Modified dietary fat intake for treatment of gallstone disease (protocol stage)

Weight reduction for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Fluids (1)

Fluid therapy protocols in people with acute pancreatitis (protocol stage)

Fortified foods (1)

Feeding support in hospitalised adults at risk of undernourishment

Macronutrient supplementation (12)

Antioxidants for acute pancreatitis (protocol stage)

Are non-absorbable disaccharides associated with beneficial or harmful effects in people with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy?

Branched-chain amino acids improve symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy

Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice

Feeding support in hospitalised adults at risk of undernourishment

Nutritional supplementation for people with non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease

Nutritional supplementation in enteral and parenteral nutrition for people with acute pancreatitis (protocol stage)

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (protocol stage)

Micronutrient supplementation (16)

Antioxidant supplements cannot be recommended for gastrointestinal cancer prevention

Antioxidant supplements for liver disease

Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases

Antioxidants for acute pancreatitis (protocol stage)

Antioxidants to reduce pain in chronic pancreatitis

Diets for primary prevention of gallbladder stones in adults (protocol stage)

No evidence to support or refute antioxidant supplements for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and/or steatohepatitis

Nutritional supplementation for people with non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease

Oral zinc for the prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates

Vitamin D supplementation for chronic liver diseases

Vitamin K for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people with acute or chronic liver diseases

Nutrition education, communication & support (4)

Diets for primary prevention of gallbladder stones in adults (protocol stage)

Feeding support in hospitalised adults at risk of undernourishment

Lifestyle modifications for people with nonalcohol-related fatty liver disease

Infectious disease (71)

Complementary/alternative supplements (15)

Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections

Do probiotics help to treat acute infectious diarrhoea?

Honey for acute cough in children

Probiotics (live micro-organisms) to prevent upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) (for example, the common cold)

Probiotics as adjunctive therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection (protocol stage)

Probiotics for persistent diarrhoea in children

Probiotics for the post-operative management of term neonates after gastrointestinal surgery (protocol stage)

Probiotics for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis

Probiotics for treatment of Clostridium difficile -associated colitis in adults

Probiotics for vulvovaginal candidiasis in non-pregnant women

The use of probiotics to prevent Clostridium difficile diarrhea associated with antibiotic use

Complete nutritional formula (1)

What evidence is there that care bundles improve outcomes for patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care setting?

Delivery & implementation strategies (7)

Children with dehydration due to gastroenteritis need to be rehydrated, and this review did not show any important differences between giving fluids orally or intravenously

Fluids for people with acute bacterial meningitis

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil-transmitted helminth infection (protocol stage)

Oral rehydration salt solutions for treating cholera: lower salt content versus higher salt content solutions

Reintroducing a normal diet following acute diarrhoea

Diets & dietary patterns (3)

Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV

The effect of removing or reducing lactose from milk in young children with acute diarrhoea

Fluids (6)

Children with dehydration due to gastroenteritis need to be rehydrated, and this review did not show any important differences between giving fluids orally or intravenously

Fluids for people with acute bacterial meningitis

Food-based oral rehydration solution for acute diarrhoea

Interventions to improve water quality and prevent diarrhoea

Oral rehydration salt solutions for treating cholera: lower salt content versus higher salt content solutions

Reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution for treating dehydration caused by acute diarrhoea in children

Food groups (2)

Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections

Macronutrient supplementation (7)

Enteral lactoferrin for the treatment of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates

Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV

Nutritional supplements for patients who are being treated for active visceral leishmaniasis

Nutritional supplements for people being treated for active tuberculosis

Micronutrient supplementation (28)

Drug-based and non-drug-based interventions to improve the bone mineral density in patients living with HIV

Giving iron supplements to improve outcomes in children with HIV/AIDS

Interventions for the treatment of COVID-19: a living network meta-analysis (protocol stage)

Iron supplements for children living in malaria-endemic countries

Is vitamin D an effective and safe treatment for COVID-19?

Micronutrient supplementation for children with HIV infection

Micronutrient supplements for non-pregnant adults with HIV infection

Nutritional supplements for patients who are being treated for active visceral leishmaniasis

Nutritional supplements for people being treated for active tuberculosis

Oral zinc supplementation for treating diarrhoea in children

Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or who were born to an HIV-infected mother

Treatment for anemia in people with AIDS

Vitamin A for measles in children

Vitamin A for preventing blindness in children with measles

Vitamin A supplements for reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection

Vitamin C for preventing and treating tetanus

Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold

Vitamin D supplementation for preventing infections in children under five

Zinc supplementation for improving the health and survival of infants less than six months old

Zinc supplementation for the treatment of measles in children

Nutrition education, communication & support (1)

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil-transmitted helminth infection (protocol stage)

Policies & programmes (1)

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil-transmitted helminth infection (protocol stage)

Kidney disease (65)

Complementary/alternative supplements (8)

Carnitine supplements for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis (protocol stage)

Probiotics for preventing urinary tract infections in adults and children

Probiotics for preventing urinary tract infections in people with bladder dysfunction after a nervous system injury

Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for people with chronic kidney disease (protocol stage)

Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for solid organ transplant recipients (protocol stage)

What is the best treatment for itch in people with chronic kidney disease?

Complete nutritional formula (1)

Nutritional support for acute kidney injury

Delivery & implementation strategies (2)

Iron treatment for adults and children with reduced kidney function

Nutritional support for acute kidney injury

Diets & dietary patterns (20)

Altered dietary salt intake for adults with chronic kidney disease

Are changes to diet effective to manage mineral and bone abnormalities in people with chronic kidney disease?

Dietary interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria

Dietary patterns for adults with chronic kidney disease

Does altering dietary salt intake aid in the prevention and treatment of diabetic kidney disease?

Glucose-lowering agents for treating pre-existing and new-onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients

Interventions for metabolic bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease

Low protein diets for non-diabetic adults with chronic kidney disease

Medical and dietary interventions for preventing recurrent urinary stones in children

Protein restriction for children with chronic kidney disease

Protein restriction for diabetic kidney disease (protocol stage)

Protein restriction for diabetic renal disease

Weight loss interventions for people with chronic kidney disease who are overweight or obese

Fluids (1)

Increased water intake for preventing urinary stones

Macronutrient supplementation (13)

D-mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections (protocol stage)

Fish oil for kidney transplant recipients

Fish oil for preventing blockage of haemodialysis vascular access in patients with kidney failure

Low protein diets for non-diabetic adults with chronic kidney disease

Nutritional support for acute kidney injury

Oral protein-based nutritional supplement in people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis

Protein restriction for children with chronic kidney disease

What is the best treatment for itch in people with chronic kidney disease?

Micronutrient supplementation (16)

Interventions for lowering plasma homocysteine levels in dialysis patients

Interventions for lowering plasma homocysteine levels in kidney transplant recipients

Interventions for metabolic bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease

Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients

Iron treatment for adults and children with reduced kidney function

Is antioxidant therapy beneficial for people with chronic kidney disease?

Vitamin B and its derivatives for diabetic kidney disease

Vitamin D compounds for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis

Vitamin D compounds for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis

What is the best treatment for itch in people with chronic kidney disease?

Nutrition education, communication & support (4)

Dietary patterns for adults with chronic kidney disease

Glucose-lowering agents for treating pre-existing and new-onset diabetes in kidney transplant recipients

Weight loss interventions for people with chronic kidney disease who are overweight or obese

Lungs & airways (96)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (1)

Increased energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) bronchopulmonary dysplasia/ chronic lung disease

Complementary/alternative supplements (18)

Carnitine supplementation for preterm infants with recurrent apnoea

Garlic for the common cold

Honey and lozenges for children with non-specific cough

Honey for acute cough in children

Inositol in preterm infants at risk for or having respiratory distress syndrome

Probiotics (live micro-organisms) to prevent upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) (for example, the common cold)

Probiotics for people with cystic fibrosis

Probiotics for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia

Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for solid organ transplant recipients (protocol stage)

The effect of caffeine in people with asthma

Xylitol sugar supplement for preventing middle ear infection in children up to 12 years of age

Complete nutritional formula (5)

Immunonutrition for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults

Post-pyloric versus gastric tube feeding for critically ill adult patients

Tube feeding (mainly via the nose into the stomach or directly into the stomach) in people with cystic fibrosis

What evidence is there that care bundles improve outcomes for patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care setting?

Delivery & implementation strategies (6)

Fluid restriction as a treatment for preterm infants developing chronic lung disease

Fluids for people with acute bacterial meningitis

Parenteral versus enteral fluid therapy for children hospitalised with bronchiolitis (protocol stage)

Post-pyloric versus gastric tube feeding for critically ill adult patients

Tube feeding (mainly via the nose into the stomach or directly into the stomach) in people with cystic fibrosis

Diets & dietary patterns (11)

Calorie-controlled diets for chronic asthma

Dietary marine fatty acids (fish oil) for asthma in adults and children

Do weight loss programs have beneficial effects on asthma outcomes in people with asthma?

Does reducing the amount of salt in a diet improve asthma symptoms?

Lifestyle modification strategies for managing obstructive sleep apnoea

Mono and multifaceted allergen reducing interventions for the primary prevention of asthma in children at high risk of developing asthma

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) avoidance for chronic asthma in adults and children

Tartrazine exclusion for allergic asthma

Weight loss intervention through lifestyle modification or pharmacotherapy for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults (protocol stage)

Fluids (5)

Advising patients to increase fluid intake for treating acute respiratory infections

Fluid restriction as a treatment for preterm infants developing chronic lung disease

Fluids for people with acute bacterial meningitis

Parenteral versus enteral fluid therapy for children hospitalised with bronchiolitis (protocol stage)

Food groups (1)

The effect of caffeine in people with asthma

Macronutrient supplementation (10)

Dietary marine fatty acids (fish oil) for asthma in adults and children

How do vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, selenium and glutathione affect lung disease in people with cystic fibrosis?

Increased energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) bronchopulmonary dysplasia/ chronic lung disease

Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Nutritional supplements for people being treated for active tuberculosis

The use of omega-3 supplements in people with cystic fibrosis

Use of oral supplements to increase calorie intake in people with cystic fibrosis

Micronutrient supplementation (35)

How do vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, selenium and glutathione affect lung disease in people with cystic fibrosis?

Is vitamin D an effective and safe addition to antibiotics to treat children with acute pneumonia?

Magnesium sulphate for treating children up to two years old with bronchiolitis

Nutritional supplements for people being treated for active tuberculosis

Oral vitamin C supplements to prevent and treat acute upper respiratory tract infections (protocol stage)

Selenium supplementation for asthma

The use of regular vitamin A or vitamin A-like preparations for children and adults with cystic fibrosis

The use of regular vitamin D preparations for children and adults with cystic fibrosis

Vitamin A for non-measles pneumonia in children

Vitamin A for preventing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children up to seven years of age

Vitamin A for preventing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children up to seven years of age (protocol stage)

Vitamin C for asthma and exercise-induced breathlessness

Vitamin C for preventing and treating pneumonia

Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold

Vitamin C supplementation for prevention and treatment of pneumonia

Vitamin D to prevent asthma attacks

Vitamin E supplementation in people with cystic fibrosis

Vitamin K supplementation for cystic fibrosis

Vitamins C and E for asthma and exercise-induced breathlessness

Zinc supplementation as an adjunct to antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia in children two to 59 months of age

Zinc supplementation for the prevention of pneumonia in children aged two to 59 months

Zinc supplements for preventing middle ear infections

Nutrition education, communication & support (2)

Advising patients to increase fluid intake for treating acute respiratory infections

Do weight loss programs have beneficial effects on asthma outcomes in people with asthma?

Policies & programmes (1)

Vitamin A for preventing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children up to seven years of age

Single foods (1)

Honey and lozenges for children with non-specific cough

Mental health (51)

Complementary/alternative supplements (2)

Inositol for depression

Delivery & implementation strategies (1)

Inpatient hospital care compared to outpatient or day care for people with eating disorders

Diets & dietary patterns (13)

Behavioural interventions for reducing weight gain in schizophrenia (protocol stage)

Dietary interventions for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in late life (protocol stage)

Dietary interventions for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid life (protocol stage)

Dietary interventions for prevention of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (protocol stage)

Interventions for the management of obesity in people with bipolar disorder (protocol stage)

Interventions to reduce weight gain in schizophrenia

Non-pharmacological interventions for people with epilepsy and intellectual disabilities

Preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents

Macronutrient supplementation (10)

Dietary supplements for preventing postnatal depression

Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for depression in children and adolescents (protocol stage)

Omega-3 fatty acids for bipolar disorder

Omega-3 fatty acids for depression in adults

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for schizophrenia

Tryptophan and 5-Hydroxytryptophan for depression

Micronutrient supplementation (16)

Antioxidants as add-on treatment for people with schizophrenia

Dietary supplements for preventing postnatal depression

Folate for depression

Non-pharmacological interventions for people with epilepsy and intellectual disabilities

Preconception care for women with epilepsy: a mixed methods review (protocol stage)

Pyridoxal 5 phosphate for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia.

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid life (protocol stage)

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing cognitive deterioration in cognitively healthy people in mid and late life

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment

Vitamin E for antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia

Nutrition education, communication & support (9)

Behavioural interventions for reducing weight gain in schizophrenia (protocol stage)

Dietary advice for people with schizophrenia

Interventions for the management of obesity in people with bipolar disorder (protocol stage)

Interventions to reduce weight gain in schizophrenia

Preconception care for women with epilepsy: a mixed methods review (protocol stage)

Preventing eating disorders in children and adolescents

Self management interventions for type 2 diabetes in adults with severe mental illness

Musculoskeletal (73)

Complementary/alternative supplements (13)

Antioxidants for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Antioxidants to prevent respiratory decline in people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and progressive respiratory decline (protocol stage)

Chondroitin for osteoarthritis

Curcuma longa (turmeric) or its active ingredients for osteoarthritis (protocol stage)

Dietary supplements for chronic gout

Glucosamine for osteoarthritis

Pharmacological treatments for Friedreich ataxia

Phytoestrogens in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (protocol stage)

Complete nutritional formula (4)

Enteral feeding (tube feeding) in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as motor neuron disease

Managing symptoms in motor neuron disease

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

Delivery & implementation strategies (5)

Antioxidants for preventing and reducing muscle soreness after exercise

Enteral feeding (tube feeding) in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as motor neuron disease

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

Diets & dietary patterns (6)

Antioxidants for preventing and reducing muscle soreness after exercise

Calcium for improving bone mineral density in children

Lifestyle interventions for chronic gout

Lifestyle interventions for treating acute gout attacks

The effect of diets on rheumatoid arthritis

Food groups (1)

Phytoestrogens in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (protocol stage)

Fortified foods (1)

Dietary supplements for chronic gout

Macronutrient supplementation (13)

Antioxidants for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Creatine for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease

Creatine for treating muscle disorders

Dietary supplements for chronic gout

Drug and nutritional treatment for McArdle disease

Marine oil supplements for rheumatoid arthritis (protocol stage)

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

Treatments to prevent and treat thinning of bones and prevent fractures caused by corticosteroids in Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Micronutrient supplementation (29)

Antioxidants for preventing and reducing muscle soreness after exercise

Antioxidants for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Calcium and vitamin D for treating osteoporosis caused by the use of steroids

Calcium for improving bone mineral density in children

Dietary supplements for chronic gout

Drug and nutritional treatment for McArdle disease

Drug-based and non-drug-based interventions to improve the bone mineral density in patients living with HIV

Falls interventions in multiple sclerosis

Fluoride can increase bone mineral density at the lumbar spine, it does not reduce vertebral fractures.

Folic acid or folinic acid for reducing side effects of methotrexate for people with rheumatoid arthritis

Magnesium for muscle cramps

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

Pharmacological treatments for Friedreich ataxia

Pyridoxal 5 phosphate for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia.

Treatments to prevent and treat thinning of bones and prevent fractures caused by corticosteroids in Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Vitamin C for Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease (hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy)

Vitamin D for improving bone density in children

Vitamin D for the management of multiple sclerosis

Vitamin D supplementation in infancy for improving bone density (protocol stage)

Vitamin D with or without calcium for treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women (protocol stage)

Vitamin K for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women (protocol stage)

[ Calcium and vitamin D for increasing bone mineral density in pre-menopausal women] (protocol stage)

Nutrition education, communication & support (1)

Lifestyle interventions for treating acute gout attacks

Neonatal care (235)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (67)

Avoidance of bottles during the establishment of breastfeeds in preterm infants

Banked preterm versus banked term human milk to promote growth and development in very low birth weight infants

Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates

Carbohydrate supplementation of human milk to promote growth in preterm infants

Comparison of different protein concentrations of human milk fortifier for promoting growth and neurological development in preterm infants

Continuous nasogastric milk feeding versus intermittent bolus milk feeding for preterm infants less than 1500 grams

Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed

Diet changes for infant colic

Dilute versus full-strength formula in exclusively formula-fed preterm or low birth weight infants

Does supplementation of human milk with calcium and phosphorus improve growth and development in preterm infants?

Earlier compared to later addition of human milk fortifier to human milk to promote growth in preterm infants

Early full enteral feeds for preterm or low birth weight infants

Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants

Early trophic feeding versus enteral fasting for very preterm or very low birth weight infants

Effect of restricted pacifier use on duration of breastfeeding in full-term infants

Exposure to the smell and taste of milk to accelerate feeding in preterm infants

Fat supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants

Fluid restriction as a treatment for preterm infants developing chronic lung disease

Formula versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants

Formula versus maternal breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants

High versus low medium chain triglyceride content of formula for promoting short-term growth of preterm infants

High versus standard volume feeds to promote growth in preterm or low birth weight infants

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed low birth weight infants

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed term infants (protocol stage)

Human milk-derived fortifier in preterm infants fed with all breast milk

Increased energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) bronchopulmonary dysplasia/ chronic lung disease

Individualized versus standard diet fortification for growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants

Lactase treated feeds to promote growth and feeding tolerance in preterm infants

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infants born at term

Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in preterm infants

Maternal colostrum provided into the mouth of preterm babies to prevent complications and improve outcomes

Multi-nutrient fortification of breast milk for preterm infants

Multicomponent fortification of human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Multiple micronutrient supplementation for breastfeeding women for improving outcomes for the mother and her baby

No evidence that delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds prevents necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Nutrient-enriched formula for preterm infants

Nutrient-enriched formula milk versus human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Nutrient-enriched formula versus standard term formula for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding

Patterns of breastfeeding, according to the baby or according to the clock

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infancy for the prevention of allergy

Protein hydrolysate versus standard formula for preterm infants

Protein supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants

Rooming-in for new mother and infant versus separate care for increasing duration of breastfeeding

Screening newborn babies for galactosaemia

Slowly advancing milk feeds to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Soy formula for prevention of allergy and food intolerance in infants

Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health

Complementary/alternative supplements (18)

Carnitine supplementation for preterm infants with recurrent apnoea

Carnitine supplementation of parenterally fed neonates

Different strains of probiotics for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants: a network meta-analysis (protocol stage)

Inositol in preterm infants at risk for or having respiratory distress syndrome

Maternal probiotic supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Prebiotics for the prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates

Prebiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food allergy

Probiotics for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birthweight infants

Probiotics for the post-operative management of term neonates after gastrointestinal surgery (protocol stage)

Probiotics for the prevention of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (protocol stage)

Probiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food hypersensitivity

Probiotics to prevent infantile colic

Synbiotics for preventing necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants (protocol stage)

Complete nutritional formula (2)

Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice

Delivery & implementation strategies (51)

Avoidance of bottles during the establishment of breastfeeds in preterm infants

Branched-chain amino acid supplementation for improving nutrition in term and preterm neonates

Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates

Continuous nasogastric milk feeding versus intermittent bolus milk feeding for preterm infants less than 1500 grams

Continuous versus intermittent bolus feeding for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease

Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed

Different strains of probiotics for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants: a network meta-analysis (protocol stage)

Early discharge with home support of gavage feeding for stable preterm infants who have not established full oral feeds

Early full enteral feeds for preterm or low birth weight infants

Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice

Early introduction of lipids to parenterally-fed preterm infants

Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants

Early trophic feeding versus enteral fasting for very preterm or very low birth weight infants

Early versus late administration of amino acids in preterm infants receiving parenteral nutrition

Early versus late intravenous nutrition in critically ill term and late preterm babies

Effect of restricted pacifier use on duration of breastfeeding in full-term infants

Effects of oral stimulation for oral feeding in preterm infants

Enteral iron supplementation in preterm and low birth weight infants

Exposure to the smell and taste of milk to accelerate feeding in preterm infants

Feed thickener for infants up to six months of age with gastro-oesophageal reflux

Fluid restriction as a treatment for preterm infants developing chronic lung disease

Giving additional fluid to newborn infants having phototherapy for serious jaundice

Individualized versus standard diet fortification for growth and development in very low birth weight infants receiving human milk

Instruments for assessing readiness to commence suck feeds in preterm infants

Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants

Maternal colostrum provided into the mouth of preterm babies to prevent complications and improve outcomes

Nasal versus oral route for placing feeding tubes in preterm or low birth weight infants

No evidence that delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds prevents necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Non-nutritive sucking for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in preterm and low birth weight infants

Non-nutritive sucking for increasing physiologic stability and nutrition in preterm infants

Patterns of breastfeeding, according to the baby or according to the clock

Percutaneous central venous catheters versus peripheral cannulae for delivery of parenteral nutrition in neonates

Push versus gravity for intermittent bolus gavage tube feeding of preterm and low birth weight infants

Re-feeding versus discarding gastric residuals to improve growth in preterm infants

Responsive feeding versus scheduled feeding for preterm infants

Rooming-in for new mother and infant versus separate care for increasing duration of breastfeeding

Routine monitoring of stomach aspirates for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

Short versus long feeding interval for bolus feedings in very preterm infants

Slowly advancing milk feeds to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants

Stopping feeds for prevention of transfusion-associated necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

Transpyloric versus gastric tube feeding for preterm infants

Diets & dietary patterns (5)

Diet changes for infant colic

Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in infants born preterm

Nutrition education to support weaning of term-born infants

Fluids (6)

Fluid restriction as a treatment for preterm infants developing chronic lung disease

Giving additional fluid to newborn infants having phototherapy for serious jaundice

Giving less oral or intravenous fluid to newborn infants with breathing difficulty (transient tachypnea of the newborn)

Restricted versus liberal water intake for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Macronutrient supplementation (42)

Adding arginine to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation on energy and protein intake in pregnancy to improve infant outcomes

Branched-chain amino acid supplementation for improving nutrition in term and preterm neonates

Carbohydrate supplementation of human milk to promote growth in preterm infants

Comparison of different protein concentrations of human milk fortifier for promoting growth and neurological development in preterm infants

Cysteine, cystine or N-acetylcysteine supplementation in parenterally fed neonates

Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice

Early introduction of lipids to parenterally-fed preterm infants

Early versus late administration of amino acids in preterm infants receiving parenteral nutrition

Effect of taurine supplementation on growth and development in preterm or low birth weight infants

Enteral lactoferrin for the treatment of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates

Enteral lactoferrin supplementation for prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

Fat supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants

Glutamine supplementation for young infants with severe gastrointestinal disease

Glutamine supplementation to prevent morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

High versus low medium chain triglyceride content of formula for promoting short-term growth of preterm infants

Higher versus lower amino acid intake in parenteral nutrition for newborn infants

Increased energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) bronchopulmonary dysplasia/ chronic lung disease

Lactoferrin for the post-operative management of term neonates after gastrointestinal surgery (protocol stage)

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infants born at term

Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in preterm infants

Multi-nutrient fortification of breast milk for preterm infants

Multicomponent fortification of human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Newer alternative fat emulsions versus the conventional pure soybean oil based fat emulsions for intravenous nutrition in preterm infants.

Nutrient-enriched formula milk versus human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Nutrient-enriched formula versus standard term formula for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Oral dextrose gel for prevention of low blood glucose levels in newborn babies

Oral dextrose gel for treatment of newborn infants with low blood glucose levels

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infancy for the prevention of allergy

Protein supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants

Sucrose for analgesia (pain relief) in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures

Systematic review of lipid emulsions for intravenous nutrition in preterm infants.

Systematic review of lipid emulsions for intravenous nutrition in term and late preterm infants.

Micronutrient supplementation (36)

Complementary and alternative therapies for shortening labour (protocol stage)

Does supplementation of human milk with calcium and phosphorus improve growth and development in preterm infants?

Enteral iron supplementation in preterm and low birth weight infants

Enteral zinc supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm neonates

Iodine supplementation for the prevention of mortality and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants

Multi-nutrient fortification of breast milk for preterm infants

Multicomponent fortification of human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Multiple micronutrient supplementation for breastfeeding women for improving outcomes for the mother and her baby

Neonatal vitamin A supplementation for prevention of mortality and morbidity among term neonates in low and middle income countries

Nutrient-enriched formula milk versus human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge

Oral zinc for the prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates

Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates

Prophylactic vitamin K for vitamin K deficiency bleeding in neonates

Selenium supplementation to prevent short-term morbidity in preterm neonates

To determine if higher of lower sodium intake in preterm infants prevents sodium imbalance and subsequent morbidity and mortality. (protocol stage)

Use of calcium during exchange blood transfusion for newborn infants

Vitamin A supplementation for prevention of mortality and morbidity in moderate and late preterm infants (protocol stage)

Vitamin A supplementation to prevent deaths and short- and long-term illness in very low birth weight infants

Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of vitamin D deficiency in preterm and low birth weight infants (protocol stage)

Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health

Vitamin E supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Vitamin K prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage

Zinc supplementation for improving the health and survival of infants less than six months old

Zinc supplementation of parenteral nutrition in newborn infants (protocol stage)

Nutrition education, communication & support (7)

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation on energy and protein intake in pregnancy to improve infant outcomes

Diet changes for infant colic

Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in infants born preterm

Effect of restricted pacifier use on duration of breastfeeding in full-term infants

Nutrition education to support weaning of term-born infants

Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding

Parent training programmes for managing infantile (baby) colic

Policies & programmes (1)

Newborn screening for homocystinuria

Neurology (107)

Complementary/alternative supplements (14)

Acetyl-L-carnitine for patients with hepatic encephalopathy

Acetyl-L-carnitine for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy

Antioxidants for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Antioxidants to prevent respiratory decline in people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and progressive respiratory decline (protocol stage)

Carnitine for fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS)

Doubtful effect of lecithin as a treatment for dementia

L-carnitine for cognitive enhancement in people without cognitive impairment

No evidence of benefit of Acetyl-l-carnitine for dementia

Pharmacological treatments for Friedreich ataxia

Probiotics for people with hepatic encephalopathy

Complete nutritional formula (6)

Enteral feeding (tube feeding) in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as motor neuron disease

Enteral tube feeding for people with severe dementia

Managing symptoms in motor neuron disease

Nutritional support for adults with swallowing difficulties

There is insufficient evidence to suggest that enteral tube feeding is beneficial in patients with advanced dementia. Data are lacking on the adverse effects of this intervention

Treatment for swallowing difficulties in hereditary ataxia

Delivery & implementation strategies (12)

Does the timing and route of nutritional support have an effect on survival and disability in head-injured patients?

Enteral feeding (tube feeding) in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as motor neuron disease

Enteral tube feeding for people with severe dementia

Modifying the consistency of food and fluids for swallowing difficulties in dementia

Nutritional support for adults with swallowing difficulties

Oral vitamin B12 compared with intramuscular vitamin B12 for vitamin B12 deficiency

There is insufficient evidence to suggest that enteral tube feeding is beneficial in patients with advanced dementia. Data are lacking on the adverse effects of this intervention

Treatment for swallowing difficulties in hereditary ataxia

Diets & dietary patterns (16)

Dietary changes in the treatment of Ménière's disease or syndrome

Dietary interventions for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in late life (protocol stage)

Dietary interventions for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid life (protocol stage)

Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis-related outcomes

Dietary interventions for prevention of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment (protocol stage)

Effect of the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus on the development of cognitive impairment and dementia

Enhanced glucose control for preventing and treating diabetic neuropathy

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia

Fish oils for the prevention of dementia in older people

Ketogenic diets for drug-resistant epilepsy

Non-pharmacological interventions for people with epilepsy and intellectual disabilities

Omega-3 fatty acids for the treatment of dementia

There is insufficient evidence for the use of carbohydrates to improve cognitive performance in older adults with normal or mild cognitive impairment

Fluids (3)

Body position and intake of fluids for preventing headache after a lumbar puncture

Modifying the consistency of food and fluids for swallowing difficulties in dementia

Macronutrient supplementation (18)

Antioxidants for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Are non-absorbable disaccharides associated with beneficial or harmful effects in people with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy?

Branched-chain amino acids improve symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy

Creatine for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease

Creatine for Parkinson's disease

Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis-related outcomes

Fish oils for the prevention of dementia in older people

Ketogenic diets for drug-resistant epilepsy

No evidence of efficacy of alpha lipoic acid for dementia

Omega-3 fatty acids for bipolar disorder

Omega-3 fatty acids for the treatment of dementia

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for drug-resistant epilepsy

There is insufficient evidence for the use of carbohydrates to improve cognitive performance in older adults with normal or mild cognitive impairment

Micronutrient supplementation (32)

Antioxidants for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis-related outcomes

Falls interventions in multiple sclerosis

Insufficient evidence of the efficacy of thiamine for people with Alzheimer's disease

Iron for the treatment of restless legs syndrome

Magnesium for acute traumatic brain injury

Magnesium for muscle cramps

No evidence of benefit from vitamin B6 supplementation on mood or cognition of older people with normal vitamin B6 status or with vitamin B6 deficiency

No evidence of the efficacy of vitamin B12 supplementation for cognitive function

Non-pharmacological interventions for people with epilepsy and intellectual disabilities

Pharmacological treatments for Friedreich ataxia

The use of vitamin E in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD)

Thiamine for prevention and treatment of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in people who abuse alcohol

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid life (protocol stage)

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing cognitive deterioration in cognitively healthy people in mid and late life

Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment

Vitamin B for treating disorders of the peripheral nerves

Vitamin B6 and magnesium in combination for children with autism spectrum disorder

Vitamin C for Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease (hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy)

Vitamin D for the management of multiple sclerosis

Vitamin E for antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia

Vitamins for epilepsy

Nutrition education, communication & support (6)

Dietary changes in the treatment of Ménière's disease or syndrome

Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis-related outcomes

Effect of the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus on the development of cognitive impairment and dementia

Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia

Older people (47)

Complementary/alternative supplements (3)

Doubtful effect of lecithin as a treatment for dementia

No evidence of benefit of Acetyl-l-carnitine for dementia

Complete nutritional formula (2)

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

There is insufficient evidence to suggest that enteral tube feeding is beneficial in patients with advanced dementia. Data are lacking on the adverse effects of this intervention

Delivery & implementation strategies (4)

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

Swallowing therapy for difficulties with swallowing in stroke survivors who have had a recent stroke

There is insufficient evidence to suggest that enteral tube feeding is beneficial in patients with advanced dementia. Data are lacking on the adverse effects of this intervention

Diets & dietary patterns (5)

Dietary interventions for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in late life (protocol stage)

Fish oils for the prevention of dementia in older people

Omega 3 fatty acids for preventing and slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration

Omega-3 fatty acids for the treatment of dementia

There is insufficient evidence for the use of carbohydrates to improve cognitive performance in older adults with normal or mild cognitive impairment

Fortified foods (1)

Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition

Macronutrient supplementation (12)

Fish oils for the prevention of dementia in older people

No evidence of efficacy of alpha lipoic acid for dementia

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

Omega 3 fatty acids for preventing and slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration

Omega-3 fatty acids for the treatment of dementia

Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition

There is insufficient evidence for the use of carbohydrates to improve cognitive performance in older adults with normal or mild cognitive impairment

Micronutrient supplementation (20)

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements to prevent the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements to slow down the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)

Antioxidant vitamins for preventing and slowing the progression of age-related cataract

Fluoride can increase bone mineral density at the lumbar spine, it does not reduce vertebral fractures.

Insufficient evidence of the efficacy of thiamine for people with Alzheimer's disease

No evidence of benefit from vitamin B6 supplementation on mood or cognition of older people with normal vitamin B6 status or with vitamin B6 deficiency

No evidence of the efficacy of vitamin B12 supplementation for cognitive function

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition

The use of vitamin E in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD)

Vitamin D and related vitamin D compounds for preventing fractures resulting from osteoporosis in older people

Vitamin D with or without calcium for treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women (protocol stage)

Vitamin K for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women (protocol stage)

Orthopaedics (5)

Complete nutritional formula (1)

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

Delivery & implementation strategies (1)

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

Macronutrient supplementation (1)

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

Micronutrient supplementation (2)

Interventions for preventing bone disease in kidney transplant recipients

Nutritional supplementation for older people after hip fracture

Pregnancy & childbirth (258)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (27)

Antenatal breastfeeding education for increasing breastfeeding duration

Breast examination during pregnancy for promoting breastfeeding

Breast milk expression during pregnancy by women with diabetes for improving infant outcomes

Breastfeeding education and support for women with multiple pregnancies

Breastfeeding the newborn or nipple stimulation for reducing postpartum haemorrhage in the third stage of labour

Early additional food and fluids for healthy breastfed full-term infants

Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants

Effect of restricted pacifier use on duration of breastfeeding in full-term infants

Extra fluids for breastfeeding mothers for increasing milk production

Interventions for encouraging women to start breastfeeding

Interventions for the prevention of mastitis following childbirth

Interventions for treating painful nipples among breastfeeding women

Interventions in the workplace to support breastfeeding for women in employment

Interventions to support women who are overweight or obese to start and continue breastfeeding

Methods of milk expression for lactating women

Multiple micronutrient supplementation for breastfeeding women for improving outcomes for the mother and her baby

Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding

Patterns of breastfeeding, according to the baby or according to the clock

Rooming-in for new mother and infant versus separate care for increasing duration of breastfeeding

Treatment for breast engorgement (overfull, hard, painful breasts) in breastfeeding women

Treatments for breast abscesses in breastfeeding women

Complementary/alternative supplements (22)

Does taking a supplement of myo-inositol work as an effective treatment for women who develop diabetes during pregnancy?

Garlic for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications

Inositol for women with a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome and subfertility

Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy

Interventions for treating constipation in pregnancy

Interventions to prevent spontaneous preterm birth in high-risk women with singleton pregnancy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (protocol stage)

Interventions to prevent women from developing diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Maternal probiotic supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Probiotics as an added treatment for gestational diabetes to improve mother and baby outcomes

Probiotics for preventing preterm labour

Probiotics to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus

Reducing nausea and vomiting in women having a caesarean birth with regional anaesthesia

Taking myo-inositol as a dietary supplement during pregnancy to prevent the development of gestational diabetes

Treatment for breast engorgement (overfull, hard, painful breasts) in breastfeeding women

Treatments to improve pregnancy outcomes for women who develop diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Delivery & implementation strategies (22)

Breast milk expression during pregnancy by women with diabetes for improving infant outcomes

Breastfeeding education and support for women with multiple pregnancies

Early additional food and fluids for healthy breastfed full-term infants

Early compared with delayed oral fluids and food after caesarean section

Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants

Eating and drinking in labour

Effect of restricted pacifier use on duration of breastfeeding in full-term infants

Extra calcium in tablets before pregnancy, or in early pregnancy, for preventing high blood pressure complications of pregnancy

Inositol for women with a diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome and subfertility

Intermittent regimens of iron supplementation during pregnancy

Interventions for ketosis during labour

Metabolomics for improving pregnancy outcomes

Methods of milk expression for lactating women

Patterns of breastfeeding, according to the baby or according to the clock

Powders of iron plus other micronutrients for home (point-of-use) fortification of foods consumed by pregnant women

Rooming-in for new mother and infant versus separate care for increasing duration of breastfeeding

Treatment for women with iron deficiency anaemia after childbirth

Ways to help pregnant women avoid preterm birth

Diets & dietary patterns (25)

Altered dietary salt for preventing pre-eclampsia, and its complications

Diet and exercise interventions for preventing excessive weight gain during pregnancy

Diet or exercise, or both, for weight reduction in women carrying excess weight after childbirth

Dietary advice during pregnancy to prevent gestational diabetes

Does preconception lifestyle advice help people with infertility to have a baby?

Effects of restricted caffeine intake by mother on fetal, neonatal and pregnancy outcomes

Fish oil (n-3 or omega-3) for pregnant mothers or breastfeeding mothers to prevent allergies in their young children

Interventions for heartburn in pregnancy

Interventions for treating constipation in pregnancy

Interventions for treating severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (hyperemesis gravidarum)

Interventions to prevent women from developing diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Lifestyle interventions for treating women with gestational diabetes (or diabetes in pregnancy)

Management of pregnant women with borderline gestational diabetes mellitus

Maternal dietary antigen avoidance during pregnancy or lactation, or both, for preventing or treating atopic disease in the child

Nutritional advice for improving outcomes in multiple pregnancies

Reduced salt intake compared to normal dietary salt, or high intake, in pregnancy

Treatments for gestational diabetes

Treatments to improve pregnancy outcomes for women who develop diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Trials of interventions for pregnant women who are obese to lose weight and improve pregnancy outcomes.

What are the most effective interventions during pregnancy for preventing stillbirth?

Fluids (4)

Extra fluids for breastfeeding mothers for increasing milk production

Interventions for ketosis during labour

Food groups (2)

Early compared with delayed oral fluids and food after caesarean section

Fortified foods (2)

Extra calcium in tablets before pregnancy, or in early pregnancy, for preventing high blood pressure complications of pregnancy

Powders of iron plus other micronutrients for home (point-of-use) fortification of foods consumed by pregnant women

Macronutrient supplementation (19)

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation on energy and protein intake in pregnancy to improve infant outcomes

Creatine for women in pregnancy for neuroprotection of the fetus

Dietary supplements for preventing postnatal depression

Effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) for women during pregnancy

Fish oil (n-3 or omega-3) for pregnant mothers or breastfeeding mothers to prevent allergies in their young children

Interventions for treating constipation in pregnancy

Interventions to prevent spontaneous preterm birth in high-risk women with singleton pregnancy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (protocol stage)

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements for mothers who breastfeed

Maternal glucose administration for facilitating tests of fetal wellbeing

Maternal nutrient supplementation for suspected impaired fetal growth

Omega-3 fatty acid addition during pregnancy

Ways to help pregnant women avoid preterm birth

What are the most effective interventions during pregnancy for preventing stillbirth?

Micronutrient supplementation (66)

Antioxidants for male subfertility

Antioxidants for preventing pre-eclampsia

Calcium supplementation during pregnancy for preventing blood pressure disorders and related problems

Complementary and alternative therapies for shortening labour (protocol stage)

Dietary supplements for preventing postnatal depression

Effect of taking extra calcium (other than preventing or treating high blood pressure) during pregnancy for improving maternal and infant health

Effects and safety of preventive oral iron or iron + folic acid supplementation for women during pregnancy

Extra calcium in tablets before pregnancy, or in early pregnancy, for preventing high blood pressure complications of pregnancy

Fluoride supplementation (with tablets, drops, lozenges or chewing gum) in pregnant women for preventing dental caries in the primary teeth of their children

Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy

Folic acid supplements before conception and in early pregnancy (up to 12 weeks) for the prevention of birth defects

Intermittent regimens of iron supplementation during pregnancy

Interventions for leg cramps during pregnancy

Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy

Interventions for treating severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (hyperemesis gravidarum)

Interventions to prevent spontaneous preterm birth in high-risk women with singleton pregnancy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (protocol stage)

Interventions to prevent women from developing diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Iodine supplementation for women before, during or after pregnancy

Is vitamin D supplementation beneficial or harmful for women during pregnancy?

Maternal nutrient supplementation for suspected impaired fetal growth

Multiple micronutrient supplementation for breastfeeding women for improving outcomes for the mother and her baby

Preconception care for women with epilepsy: a mixed methods review (protocol stage)

Regimens of vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy

There is not enough high quality evidence to show that dietary magnesium supplementation during pregnancy is beneficial

Treatment for women with iron deficiency anaemia after childbirth

Treatment for women with postpartum iron deficiency anaemia

Treatments for anaemia in pregnancy thought to be due to iron deficiency

Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn health outcomes

Vitamin A supplementation for postpartum women

Vitamin A supplements for reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection

Vitamin and mineral supplements for women during pregnancy

Vitamin B12 supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and child health outcomes (protocol stage)

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) supplementation in pregnancy or labour for maternal and neonatal outcomes

Vitamin C supplementation in pregnancy

Vitamin E supplementation in pregnancy

Vitamin K prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage

Vitamin supplementation for preventing miscarriage

Vitamins and minerals for subfertility in women

Ways to help pregnant women avoid preterm birth

What are the most effective interventions during pregnancy for preventing stillbirth?

Zinc supplementation for improving pregnancy and infant outcome

Nutrition education, communication & support (56)

Altered dietary salt for preventing pre-eclampsia, and its complications

Antenatal breastfeeding education for increasing breastfeeding duration

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation on energy and protein intake in pregnancy to improve infant outcomes

Breastfeeding education and support for women with multiple pregnancies

Care prior to the next pregnancy for women diagnosed with gestational diabetes

Combined diet and exercise in pregnancy for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus

Diet and exercise interventions for preventing excessive weight gain during pregnancy

Diet or exercise, or both, for weight reduction in women carrying excess weight after childbirth

Dietary advice during pregnancy to prevent gestational diabetes

Different types of dietary advice for women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Does preconception lifestyle advice help people with infertility to have a baby?

Effect of restricted pacifier use on duration of breastfeeding in full-term infants

Health system and community level interventions for improving antenatal care coverage and health outcomes

Interventions for encouraging women to start breastfeeding

Interventions for heartburn in pregnancy

Interventions for preventing constipation after giving birth

Interventions for the prevention of mastitis following childbirth

Interventions for treating severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (hyperemesis gravidarum)

Interventions in the workplace to support breastfeeding for women in employment

Interventions to support women who are overweight or obese to start and continue breastfeeding

Lifestyle interventions for treating women with gestational diabetes (or diabetes in pregnancy)

Management of pregnant women with borderline gestational diabetes mellitus

Methods of milk expression for lactating women

Nutritional advice for improving outcomes in multiple pregnancies

Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding

Preconception care for women with epilepsy: a mixed methods review (protocol stage)

Preconception health programs and interventions for women who are overweight or obese to improve pregnancy outcomes for the woman and her infant

Psychological and educational interventions to reduce alcohol consumption by pregnant women

Reduced salt intake compared to normal dietary salt, or high intake, in pregnancy

Screening women for gestational diabetes in pregnancy based on whether they are considered at risk, and in different settings

Support during pregnancy for women at increased risk of low birthweight babies

Support for breastfeeding mothers

Treatment for breast engorgement (overfull, hard, painful breasts) in breastfeeding women

Treatments for gestational diabetes

Treatments to improve pregnancy outcomes for women who develop diabetes during pregnancy: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews

Trials of interventions for pregnant women who are obese to lose weight and improve pregnancy outcomes.

Ways to help pregnant women avoid preterm birth

Policies & programmes (12)

Customised versus population-based growth charts as a screening tool for detecting small for gestational age infants in low-risk pregnant women

Does chewing gum after a caesarean section lead to quicker recovery of bowel function?

Health system and community level interventions for improving antenatal care coverage and health outcomes

Interventions for encouraging women to start breastfeeding

Interventions in the workplace to support breastfeeding for women in employment

Screening women for gestational diabetes in pregnancy based on whether they are considered at risk, and in different settings

Support during pregnancy for women at increased risk of low birthweight babies

Support for breastfeeding mothers

Ways to help pregnant women avoid preterm birth

Single foods (1)

Interventions for treating severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (hyperemesis gravidarum)

Public health (213)

Breastmilk & breastmilk substitutes (3)

Interventions to support women who are overweight or obese to start and continue breastfeeding

Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding

Complementary/alternative supplements (5)

Can xylitol used in products like sweets, candy, chewing gum and toothpaste help prevent tooth decay in children and adults?

Co-enzyme Q10 supplementation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease

Green and black tea to prevent cardiovascular disease

Green tea for the prevention of cancer

Delivery & implementation strategies (13)

Altering the availability or proximity of food, alcohol, and tobacco products to change their selection and consumption

Impact of food fortification with multiple micronutrients on health

Improving access to food in low- and middle-income countries

Improving the implementation of health-promoting policies and practices in workplaces

Improving the implementation of healthy eating, physical activity and obesity prevention policies, practices or programmes in childcare services

Improving the implementation of school-based policies and practices to improve student health

Intermittent regimens of iron supplementation during pregnancy

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil-transmitted helminth infection (protocol stage)

Powders of iron plus other micronutrients for home (point-of-use) fortification of foods consumed by pregnant women

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing disease and death in children aged six months to five years

Diets & dietary patterns (26)

Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk

Dietary fibre to prevent cardiovascular disease

Diets for primary prevention of gallbladder stones in adults (protocol stage)

Does repair of torn rotator cuff tendons work?

Effect of cutting down on the saturated fat we eat on our risk of heart disease

Effect of cutting down the fat we eat on body weight

Effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions in primary care populations

Effects of a gluten-reduced or gluten-free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (protocol stage)

Growth factor-supplemented culture media for women undergoing assisted reproduction

High versus low added sugar consumption for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (protocol stage)

Increased fruit and vegetable intake to prevent cardiovascular disease

Low carbohydrate versus balanced carbohydrate diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk (protocol stage)

Mediterranean-style diet for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Modest salt reduction lowers blood pressure in all ethnic groups at all levels of blood pressure without adverse consequences

Omega-6 fats to prevent and treat heart and circulatory diseases

Polyunsaturated fatty acids for prevention and treatment of diseases of the heart and circulation

Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Selenium for preventing cancer

Specially formulated foods for treating children with moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries

The long term effects of advice to cut down on salt in food on deaths, cardiovascular disease and blood pressure in adults

Whole grain cereals for cardiovascular disease

Whole grain foods for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Fluids (3)

Interventions to improve water quality and prevent diarrhoea

Water fluoridation to prevent tooth decay

Food groups (4)

Eating nuts to prevent cardiovascular disease

Green and black tea to prevent cardiovascular disease

Green tea for the prevention of cancer

Impact of exposure to alcohol marketing and subsequent drinking patterns among youth and young adults (protocol stage)

Fortified foods (17)

Adding iodine to foods, other than salt, to prevent diseases caused by inadequate iodine intake

Does adding iron to wheat flour reduce anaemia and increase iron levels in the general population?

Extra calcium to prevent high blood pressure

Fortification of condiments and seasonings with iron for preventing anaemia and improving health (protocol stage)

Fortification of maize flour with iron for preventing anaemia and iron deficiency

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency

Impact of food fortification with multiple micronutrients on health

Iodised salt for preventing iodine deficiency disorders

Powders of iron plus other micronutrients for home (point-of-use) fortification of foods consumed by pregnant women

Staple crops biofortified with increased micronutrient content: effects on vitamin and mineral status, as well as health and cognitive function in the general population (protocol stage)

The effects of fortification of common foods with zinc on health outcomes

The effects of fortification of wheat and maize flour with folic acid on population health outcomes

Macronutrient supplementation (9)

Dietary fibre to prevent cardiovascular disease

Effect of cutting down on the saturated fat we eat on our risk of heart disease

Omega-6 fats to prevent and treat heart and circulatory diseases

Polyunsaturated fatty acids for prevention and treatment of diseases of the heart and circulation

Specially formulated foods for treating children with moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries

Supplementary feeding for groups of people that are food insecure, vulnerable and malnourished

Supplementary vitamin E, selenium, cysteine and riboflavin for preventing kwashiorkor in preschool children in developing countries

Whole grain cereals for cardiovascular disease

Micronutrient supplementation (42)

Adding iodine to foods, other than salt, to prevent diseases caused by inadequate iodine intake

Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases

Diets for primary prevention of gallbladder stones in adults (protocol stage)

Effects of nutritional interventions to increase nutritional status in children living in urban slums in low- and middle-income countries

Extra calcium to prevent high blood pressure

Folate supplementation in women of reproductive age (protocol stage)

Fortification of condiments and seasonings with iron for preventing anaemia and improving health (protocol stage)

Fortification of maize flour with iron for preventing anaemia and iron deficiency

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency

Intermittent regimens of iron supplementation during pregnancy

Iodine supplementation for women before, during or after pregnancy

Iodised salt for preventing iodine deficiency disorders

Neonatal vitamin A supplementation for prevention of mortality and morbidity among term neonates in low and middle income countries

Selected laboratory-based biomarkers for assessing vitamin A deficiency in at-risk individuals (protocol stage)

Selenium for preventing cancer

Selenium supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Staple crops biofortified with increased micronutrient content: effects on vitamin and mineral status, as well as health and cognitive function in the general population (protocol stage)

Supplementary vitamin E, selenium, cysteine and riboflavin for preventing kwashiorkor in preschool children in developing countries

The effects of fortification of common foods with zinc on health outcomes

The effects of fortification of wheat and maize flour with folic acid on population health outcomes

Vitamin A supplementation for infants one to six months of age for preventing death and illnesses

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing disease and death in children aged six months to five years

Vitamin A supplements for reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection

Vitamin C for preventing and treating pneumonia

Vitamin C supplementation for prevention and treatment of pneumonia

Vitamin C supplementation to prevent cardiovascular disease

Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults

Vitamin K supplementation to prevent cardiovascular disease

Nutrition education, communication & support (39)

Can programmes on social media help people to improve their health?

Concurrent health promotion interventions for preventing cardiovascular disease in low- and middle income countries ("resource-limited settings")

Cutting back on sugar-sweetened beverages: What works?

Diets for primary prevention of gallbladder stones in adults (protocol stage)

Eating nuts to prevent cardiovascular disease

Effect of cutting down on the saturated fat we eat on our risk of heart disease

Effect of cutting down the fat we eat on body weight

Effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions in primary care populations

Effects of a gluten-reduced or gluten-free diet for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (protocol stage)

Effects of nutritional interventions to increase nutritional status in children living in urban slums in low- and middle-income countries

Energy (calorie) labelling for healthier selection and consumption of food or alcohol (protocol stage)

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of children aged six years and below (protocol stage)

Improving access to food in low- and middle-income countries

Improving the implementation of health-promoting policies and practices in workplaces

Improving the implementation of healthy eating, physical activity and obesity prevention policies, practices or programmes in childcare services

Improving the implementation of school-based policies and practices to improve student health

Increased fruit and vegetable intake to prevent cardiovascular disease

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil-transmitted helminth infection (protocol stage)

Interventions to support women who are overweight or obese to start and continue breastfeeding

Mediterranean-style diet for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Multiple risk factor interventions for coronary heart disease

National government initiatives to reduce salt intake in populations

Nutritional labelling to promote healthier consumption and purchasing of food or drinks

Nutritional screening for improving patient care and professional practice

Omega-6 fats to prevent and treat heart and circulatory diseases

Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding

Polyunsaturated fatty acids for prevention and treatment of diseases of the heart and circulation

Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease

Reducing aflatoxin intake with agricultural and nutritional education to improve growth of infants and children in low- and middle-income countries

Targeted mass media interventions to encourage healthier behaviours in adult, ethnic minorities

The long term effects of advice to cut down on salt in food on deaths, cardiovascular disease and blood pressure in adults

Policies & programmes (48)

Adding iodine to foods, other than salt, to prevent diseases caused by inadequate iodine intake

Altering the availability or proximity of food, alcohol, and tobacco products to change their selection and consumption

Community level interventions to improve food security in developed countries (protocol stage)

Concurrent health promotion interventions for preventing cardiovascular disease in low- and middle income countries ("resource-limited settings")

Cutting back on sugar-sweetened beverages: What works?

Does a tax on the fat content of foods reduce obesity and help people to eat less fat and less saturated fat?

Does adding iron to wheat flour reduce anaemia and increase iron levels in the general population?

Does taxation of unprocessed sugar or foods with added sugar reduce their consumption and prevent obesity or other adverse health outcomes?

Energy (calorie) labelling for healthier selection and consumption of food or alcohol (protocol stage)

Experiences of conditional and unconditional cash transfers intended for improving health outcomes and health service use: a qualitative evidence synthesis (protocol stage)

Financial incentives for decreasing and preventing obesity in workers (protocol stage)

Fortification of maize flour with iron for preventing anaemia and iron deficiency

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of children aged six years and below (protocol stage)

Impact of food fortification with multiple micronutrients on health

Improving access to food in low- and middle-income countries

Improving the implementation of health-promoting policies and practices in workplaces

Improving the implementation of healthy eating, physical activity and obesity prevention policies, practices or programmes in childcare services

Improving the implementation of school-based policies and practices to improve student health

Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil-transmitted helminth infection (protocol stage)

National government initiatives to reduce salt intake in populations

Nutritional labelling to promote healthier consumption and purchasing of food or drinks

Nutritional screening for improving patient care and professional practice

Policy interventions implemented through sporting organisations to promote healthy behaviour change

Portion, package or tableware size for changing selection and consumption of food, alcohol and tobacco

Providing extra food for children under five years of age in low and middle income countries

Selected laboratory-based biomarkers for assessing vitamin A deficiency in at-risk individuals (protocol stage)

Staple crops biofortified with increased micronutrient content: effects on vitamin and mineral status, as well as health and cognitive function in the general population (protocol stage)

Supplementary feeding for groups of people that are food insecure, vulnerable and malnourished

Taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages for reducing their consumption and preventing obesity or other adverse health outcomes (protocol stage)

The effect of interventions to improve water quality and supply, provide sanitation and promote handwashing with soap on physical growth in children

The effects of fortification of common foods with zinc on health outcomes

The effects of fortification of wheat and maize flour with folic acid on population health outcomes

The impact of growth monitoring and promotion on health indicators in children under five years of age in low- and middle-income countries (protocol stage)

Unconditional cash transfers in disasters: effect on use of health services and health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries

Vitamin A supplementation for preventing disease and death in children aged six months to five years

Water fluoridation to prevent tooth decay

Single foods (2)

Alcohol has a biphasic effect on blood pressure and increases heart rate

Therapeutic foods (2)

Specially formulated foods for treating children with moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries

Supplementary feeding for groups of people that are food insecure, vulnerable and malnourished

Rheumatology (16)

Complementary/alternative supplements (3)

Dietary supplements for chronic gout

Glucosamine for osteoarthritis

Diets & dietary patterns (4)

Lifestyle interventions for chronic gout

Lifestyle interventions for treating acute gout attacks

The effect of diets on rheumatoid arthritis

Fortified foods (1)

Dietary supplements for chronic gout

Macronutrient supplementation (2)

Dietary supplements for chronic gout

Marine oil supplements for rheumatoid arthritis (protocol stage)

Micronutrient supplementation (4)

Dietary supplements for chronic gout

Folic acid or folinic acid for reducing side effects of methotrexate for people with rheumatoid arthritis

Nutrition education, communication & support (2)

Lifestyle interventions for treating acute gout attacks

Skin disorders (7)

Complementary/alternative supplements (1)

Probiotics for treating eczema

Diets & dietary patterns (4)

Dietary exclusions for improving established atopic eczema in adults and children